Chem unit 1 quiz Flashcards
what is an organic compound?
a chemical compound where carbon is the main element
three main components of functional groups:
– multiple bonds between carbon atoms
- Carbon is bonded to a more EN atom (Halogens)
- Carbon is double bonded to Oxygen
what is a hydrocarbon?
an organic compound that only contains hydrogen and carbon
what are the two main branches of Hydrocarbons?
Aliphatic (chain or ring)
Aromatic (benzene)
What are the three types of Aliphatic hydrocarbons?
Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes
how many bonds do alkanes have?
single bonds
how many bonds do alkenes have?
double bonds
How many bonds do alkynes have?
Tripple bonds
what is the prefix for when it is in a ring
Cyclo-
what are structural isomers?
are molecules that have the same number of atoms but are bonded differently
what are stereoisomers?
are molecules with the name number of atoms and are bonded the same but with different spatial arrangements
- cannot be changed from on to another unless bonds are broken
What are the types of stereoisomers?
Cis-Isomer and Trans-isomer
what is a cis-isomer?
they have side groups located on the same side of the double bond
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what is a trans-isomer?
have side groups located on different sides of the double bond
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Polarity of hydrocarbons?
Hydrocarbons are non-polar molecules
solubility of Hydrocarbons
In soluble in polar solvents i.e water (like dissolves like)
Boiling point of hydrocarbons:
Hydrocarbons have low boiling points (bonds are easy to break) ( boiling point increases as the chain get larger-> more bonds to break)
Combustibility of hydrocarbons:
hydrocarbons are combustible and flammable
Polarity of alkyl halides
the presence of a halogen atoms causes the molecule to become more polar
Boiling points of Alkyl halides
Halogens have high EN therefore they increase the strength of the intermolecular forces and will than consequently increase the boiling points
