UNIT 2 CHAPTER 14 ACID BASE BALANCE

Question 1

Interpret Lab Results

pH: 7.37
CO2: 38 mmHg
HCO3: 25 mEq/L

A.Respiratory acidosis

B. Respiratory alkalosis

C. Metabolic acidosis

D. Metabolic alkalosis

E. Normal

Answer 1

E. Normal

Question 2

Interpret Lab Results

pH: 7.33
CO2: 48 mmHg
HCO3: 24mEq/L

A. Normal

B. Respiratory acidosis

C. Respiratory alkalosis

D. Metabolic acidosis

E. Metabolic alkalosis

Answer 2

B. Respiratory acidosis

Question 3

Interpret Lab Results

pH: 7.32
CO2: 52 mmHg
HCO3: 28 mEq/L

A. Normal

B. Respiratory acidosis

C. Respiratory alkalosis

D. Metabolic acidosis

E. Metabolic alkalosis

Answer 3

B. Respiratory acidosis

Question 4

Interpret Lab Results

pH: 7.31
CO2: 38 mmHg
HCO3: 20 mEq/L

A. Normal

B. Respiratory acidosis

C. Respiratory alkalosis

D. Metabolic acidosis

E. Metabolic alkalosis

Answer 4

D. Metabolic acidosis

Question 5

Interpret Lab Results

pH: 7.20
CO2: 42 mmHg
HCO3: 18 mEq/L

A. Normal

B. Respiratory acidosis

C. Respiratory alkalosis

D. Metabolic acidosis

E. Metabolic alkalosis

Answer 5

D. Metabolic acidosis

Question 6

Interpret Lab Results

pH: 7.39
CO2: 39mmHg
HCO3: 27 mEq/L

A. Normal

B. Respiratory acidosis

C. Respiratory alkalosis

D. Metabolic acidosis

E. Metabolic alkalosis

Answer 6

A. Normal

Question 7

Interpret the following ABG results

pH: 7.31
CO2: 43 mmHg
HCO3: 19 mEq/L

A. Normal

B. Respiratory acidosis

C. Respiratory alkalosis

D. Metabolic acidosis

E. Metabolic alkalosis

Answer 7

D. Metabolic acidosis

Question 8

Interpret the following ABG results

pH: 7.30
CO2: 48 mmHg
HCO3: 27 mEq/L

A. Normal

B. Respiratory acidosis

C. Respiratory alkalosis

D. Metabolic acidosis

E. Metabolic alkalosis

Answer 8

B. Respiratory acidosis

Question 9

Interpret the following ABG results

pH: 7.32
CO2: 52 mmHg
HCO3: 24 mEq/L

A. Normal

B. Respiratory acidosis

C. Respiratory alkalosis

D. Metabolic acidosis

E. Metabolic alkalosis

Answer 9

B. Respiratory acidosis

Question 10

Interpret the following ABG results

pH: 7.33
CO2: 40 mmHg
HCO3: 20 mEq/L

A. Normal

B. Respiratory acidosis

C. Respiratory alkalosis

D. Metabolic acidosis

E. Metabolic alkalosis

Answer 10

D. Metabolic acidosis

Question 11

What causes Respiratory Acidosis?

Answer 11

Airway obstruction prevents air movement into and out of the lungs (ventilation) and leads to poor gas exchange, CO2 retention, and acidosis.

Reduced alveolar-capillary diffusion causes poor gas exchange and leads to CO2 retention and acidosis.

Inadequate chest expansion reduces gas exchange and leads to acidosis.

Question 12

What goes on in the Respiratory System?

Answer 12

Respiratory
* Lungs breathe in O2 and out CO2
* CO2 is an acid.
– If a client retains CO2, they become more acidic.
– If a client blows off too much CO2, they become more
alkaline

Question 13

ACID-BASE IMBALANCE NORMAL VALUES

Answer 13

Normal pH: 7.35-7.45
* Normal CO2 : 35-45
* Normal PaCO2 - 35-45 mmHg (estimates CO2
exchange)
* Normal PaO2 - 80-100 mmHg
* Normal HCO3: 22-28 mEq-L
* O2 Saturation- 95-100%

Question 14

Respiratory ACIDIC MECHANISM VS Respiratory ALKALINE MECHANISM

Answer 14

Retain CO2= Acidic
-Impaired respiratory function
-Decreased RR
BECOMES ACIDIC

Loss of CO2 = Alkaline
-Hyperventilation
BECOMES ALKALINE

Question 15

1. pH -7.49. CO2- 35 HCO3 29
2. pH- 7.47 CO2- 37 HC03- 32
3. pH- 7.31 CO2- 42 HCO3- 20
4. pH- 7.30 CO2 -40 HCO3 -19
5. pH- 7.33. CO2 - 44 HCO3 -21
6. pH -7.48 CO2- 38 HCO3 -33

Answer 15

1. Metabolic Alkalosis
2. Metabolic Alkalosis
3. Metabolic Acidiosis
4. Metabolic Acidosis
5. Metabolic Acidosis
6. Metabolic Alkalosis