Unit 2, Ch. 5- Case studies & Key concepts

Question 1

Motives for Europeans during their ‘Age of Exploration’ (God, Glory, and Gold)

Answer 1

God: desire to spread Christianity
Glory: seeking fame and power for their nations and themselves
Gold: searching for wealth through trade and resources

Question 2

The Treaty of Tordesillas

Answer 2

a 1494 agreement between Spain and Portugal, dividing new lands in the Americas to prevent conflict over colonization

Question 3

European Voyages and Colonies (Portugal and Spain)

Answer 3

Portugal: focused on sea routes to Asia and colonies in Africa, Brazil, and India
Spain: focused on conquering territories in the Americas, such as Mexico and Peru

Question 4

Elements of the Columbian Exchange

Answer 4

Food: potatoes, maize and tomatoes went to Europe, wheat and sugar went to the Americas
Disease: smallpox and measles were brought to the Americas, killing Indigenous populations
Livestock: horses, cattle, and pigs were introduced to the Americas

Question 5

Motives for the Transatlantic Slave Trade

Answer 5

the need for labor on plantation and mines in the Americas, produce cash crops and valuable resources

Question 6

Response to the Transatlantic Slave Trade (Rebellions, Revolts, Abolition movements)

Answer 6

enslaved people resisted through rebellion, abolitionists fought to end slavery through law

Question 7

Haitian Revolution

Answer 7

first successful slave-led revolution (1791-1804) that led to Haiti’s independence from French rule. An inspiration for future movements against slavery

Question 8

Legacies of the Transatlantic Slave Trade (economic, cultural, social)

Answer 8

Economic: wealth for European countries, economic hardship for Africa
Cultural: influence in music, language, and culture in the Americas
Social: long-term racial inequality and discrimination