Unit 2 - CH. 22

Question 1

What is the purpose of nose hair

Answer 1

filter out dust and things

Question 2

What is the purpose of nasal cavity

Answer 2

increased surface are for filtering and moisturizing

Question 3

What is the purpose of sinuses

Answer 3

Air and fluid filled cavities

Question 4

Pharynx:

• Upper
• Middle
• Lower

Answer 4

• Nasopharynx
• Oropharynx
• Laryngopharynx

Question 5

What is the shape of trachea cartilage rings?

Answer 5

C shaped to change size

Question 6

How many secondary bronchi are there per primary bronchi?

Answer 6

2 on L, 3 on R

Question 7

What is the first bronchial to engage in gas exchange?

Answer 7

Respiratory bronchiole

Question 8

Thin surface for gas exchange

Answer 8

Alveoli

Question 9

How many alveoli and surface area of it?

Answer 9

300,000,000 alveoli and 75 sq. meters

Question 10

Used for lubrication and shock absorption in lungs

Answer 10

visceral pleura

Question 11

Atmospheric pressure

Answer 11

1 atm, 760 torr

Question 12

What form of breathing is expiration?

Answer 12

passive

Question 13

What is the normal capacity for Tidal Volume (TV)?

Answer 13

500ml

Question 14

What is increased forced in?

Answer 14

Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)

Question 15

What is increased forced out?

Answer 15

Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)

Question 16

Inspiratory Capacity (IC)

Answer 16

TV + IRV

Question 17

Residual Volume (RV)

Answer 17

dead space in lung

Question 18

Vital Capacity (VC) and size

Answer 18

TV + IRV + ERV (4600ml)

Question 19

Functional Residual Capacity (FRC)

Answer 19

ERV + RV

Question 20

What is “how much air left in lungs?”

Answer 20

Functional Residual Capacity

Question 21

Total Lung Capacity (TLC) and amount

Answer 21

VC + RV (5800ml)

Question 22

Minute respiratory volume

Answer 22

TV x breathing rate

Question 23

Alveolar ventilation rate

Answer 23

(TV - dead space) x rate

Question 24

Respiratory center that adjusts rate and depth

Answer 24

Medulla oblongata

Question 25

Shallow breathing

Answer 25

dorsal

Question 26

Deep breathing

Answer 26

Ventral

Question 27

Effectors: Sensitive to CO2 and H+

Answer 27

Central chemoreceptors

Question 28

Effectors: Sensitive to low O2

Answer 28

Peripheral chemoreceptors

Question 29

Effectors: Depth of breath stops over-inflation of lung

Answer 29

Inflation Reflex

Question 30

Anaerobic respiration

Answer 30

Pyruvic acid -> lactic acid