Unit 2 | Cells | 7.E.1.2 - Cell Organelles Flashcards
7.L.1.2 | Compare the structures and functions of plant and animal cells, including major organelles (cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus, chloroplasts, mitochondria, and vacuoles).
What is a plant cell?
A type of eukaryotic (has a nucleus) cell that is the basic unit of life and structure found in plants.
What is an animal cell?
A type of eukaryotic (has a nucleus) cell that is found in “animal” organisms that are NOT plants.
Humans contain animal cells.
What is the cell membrane?
A protective covering that encloses the entire cell. It controls what materials can flow in and out of the cell.
What is the nucleus?
Found in BOTH plant and animal cells, it is the “brain” of the cell that contains all of the cell’s genetic information (DNA). It directs all of the cell’s activities.
What is cytoplasm?
A jelly-like substance that fills the cell and protects the organelles from being slammed around.
What are mitochondria?
The “powerhouse of the cell that produces energy for cellular processes.
What is a vacuole?
A storage organelle that holds water, waste and other materials. In a plant cell, this organelle is MUCH LARGER than in an animal cell.
What is the cell wall?
Found ONLY in PLANT CELLS, it is a rigid, tough outer protective cover that gives the plant cell its rectangular shape.
What is a chloroplast?
A green organelle found ONLY in plant cells that is responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
