Unit 2 (blood & organs) Flashcards
What does the blood contain
- Plasma
- Red Blood Cells
- White Blood Cells
The flow of blood
in the Vena Cava to the right ventricle, out the Plumonary artery to the lungs (with deoxygenated blood), then (oxygenated blood) in through the Plumonary vein enters the left ventricle then out the Aorta to the body
Arteries
- Thick wall
- Carry blood under high blood pressure
- Carry blood away from the heart
Capillaries
- Thin walled
- Form networks at organs & tissues
- Large surface area, to allow exchange of materials
Veins (4)
- Thin walled, with wide channels
- Carry blood under low pressure
- Have valves, prevent the backflow of blood
- Carry blood back to the heart
What is absorbed from food, and where is it absorbed
Oxygen & Nutrients (for respiration), into the bloodstream
What is removed from cells
Carbon Dioxide (into the bloodstream)
3 things surfaces involved in absorbtion have
- Large surface area
- Thin walls
- Extensive blood supply
What happens in the lungs
carbon dioxide from the blood is exchanged for oxygen
what are airways filled with and why
mucus, to remove dirt from the lungs
what keeps airwas open
rings of cartilage
where does the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide take place
alveoli (air sacks)
what is digestion
the breakdown of large insoluble molecules into smaller soluble molecules
what is stored in the rectum
faeces
what is absorbed in the large intestine
water
what squeezes food through the digestive system
peristalsis (rings of muscle)
where is the villi located
the small intestine
what is absorbed into through the villi
nutrients from food, into the blood
how thick is the villi
one cell thick
what does the villi contain
a network of capillaries (to absorb glucose & amino acids), lacteal (to absorb fatty acids)
white blood cells
- phagocytes
- lymphocytes
