Unit 2- Atomic Structure Flashcards
What are the 3 subatomic particles that make up an atom?
Protons, neutrons, and electrons
What are the charges of the 3 subatomic particles?
proton +1
neutron 0
electron -1
What 1 of the 3 subatomic particles orbits the nucleus?
electrons
What is the mass of the 3 subatomic particles?
protons-1 amu
neutrons- 1 amu
electrons- ~0 amu
How do you find atomic mass?
p+#n
isotopes
form of the same element species that have the same # of protons but different # of neutrons, resulting in different mass numbers
How to calculate net charge?
p-#e
What do A and Z equal for isotopic symbol notation?
A=mass number
Z=atomic number
What are cations and anions?
Cations are positively charged ions and anions are negatively charged ions
Average atomic mass
the weighted average mass of all the isotopes of that element; shown as a decimal on the p-table
Weighted average
the average that reflects both the mass and the relative abundance of all the isotopes as they occur
What is a valence electron?
the outermost shell of an atom with the highest energy level
How do you name ions?
cations- [element name] + ion
anion- [stem of element name] + -ide
What happens when there are less than 4 valence electrons?
You loose valence electrons and it becomes a cation (+)
What happens when there are more than 4 valence electrons?
You gain valence electrons and become an anion (-)
