Unit 2 AOS 3

Question 1

what are abiotic factors?

Answer 1

Factors affecting a population that are environmental factors

Question 2

3

what are some examples of abiotic factors?

Answer 2

temperature, dessication (drying out) and weather

Question 3

what are biotic factors?

Answer 3

factors affecting a population that is a living factor

Question 4

2

What are some examples of biotic factors?

Answer 4

predators and diseases

Question 5

what is the bottom 2 things in the food chain?

Answer 5

energy, producers

Question 6

what are producers?

Answer 6

members of an ecosystem community that bring energy from an external source into the ecosystem

Question 7

what are the main producers?

Answer 7

plants

Question 8

what is another name for producers?

Answer 8

autotrophic

Question 9

Can an ecosystem exist without producers?

Answer 9

No

Question 10

what is another name for consumers?

Answer 10

heterotrophs

Question 11

what are consumers?

Answer 11

organisms that obtain their energy and organic matter by eating or ingesting the organic matter of other organisms

Question 12

what are the 4 subcategories of consumers/heterotrophs?

Answer 12

herbivores, carnivores, omnivores and detritivores

Question 13

what are herbivores?

Answer 13

creatures that only eat plants,

Question 14

what are carnivores?

Answer 14

creatures that only eat animals

Question 15

what are omnivores?

Answer 15

creatures that eat plants and animals

Question 16

what are detritivores?

Answer 16

which eat decomposing organic matter such as rotting leaves, dung or decaying animal remains

Question 17

what is an example of detritivores?

Answer 17

earthworms

Question 18

what are decomposers?

Answer 18

organisms, such as fungi, that can break down and absorb the organic matter of dead organisms or their products

Question 19

what is the difference between decomposers and detritivores?

Answer 19

decomposers first break down the organic matter outside their bodies by releasing enzymes, and then they absorb some of the products, whereas detritivores don’t

Question 20

what are the levels of the food chain?

Answer 20

1. energy
2. producer
3. primary consumer
4. secondary consumer
5. tertiary consumer

Question 21

what are trophic levels?

Answer 21

a different name for the levels of the food chain

Question 22

what are keystone species?

Answer 22

species whose presence in an ecosystem is essential for the maintenance of that ecosystem

Question 23

what is an example of a keystone species?

Answer 23

elephant

Question 24

what are the three types of adaptations?

Answer 24

behavioural, structural and physiological

Question 25

what is a behavioural adaptation?

Answer 25

Activities that an organism performs in response to internal and external stimuli

Question 26

what is a structural adaptation?

Answer 26

Physical features of an organism that enable them to survive in a given environment

Question 27

what is a physiological adaptation?

Answer 27

Internal and/or cellular features of an organism that enable them to survive in a given environment

Question 28

what is an example of a physiological adaptation?

Answer 28

Vasoconstriction of blood vessels that conserves heat and increases blood pressure

Question 29

what is an example of a structural adaptation?

Answer 29

Blubber in seals providing a protective layer from the cold temperatures of the ocean

Question 30

what is an intraspecific relationship?

Answer 30

Competition for resources between members of the same species

Question 31

what is an interspecific relationship?

Answer 31

competition for resources between members of different species

Question 32

what is an amensalism relationship?

Answer 32

one organism is inhibited or destroyed, the other is unaffected

Question 33

what is a predator-prey relationship?

Answer 33

one species kills and eats the other

Question 34

what is an herbivore-plant relationship?

Answer 34

an animal eats a plant

Question 35

what is a parasitism relationship?

Answer 35

an organism living on or within another organism to derive a benefit, whilst harming the host

Question 36

what is a mutualism relationship?

Answer 36

a beneficial relationship between two species

Question 37

what is a commensalism relationship?

Answer 37

one member gains a benefit and the other is unaffected

Question 38

what is intraspecific competition?

Answer 38

competition for resources in an ecosystem involving members of the same species

Question 39

what is symbiosis?

Answer 39

prolonged association in which there is benefit to at least one partner

Question 40

what are the 5 bioethical concepts?

Answer 40

integrity, justice, Beneficence, non-maleficence and respect

Question 41

what is integrity?

Answer 41

doing the right thing even if no one is looking

Question 42

what is justice?

Answer 42

equal distribution of benefits, rights, costs, and resources

Question 43

what is beneficence?

Answer 43

aiming to improve conditions for others through generosity and kindness

Question 44

what is non-maleficence?

Answer 44

avioding actions which led to harmful consequences

Question 45

what is respect ?

Answer 45

considering the wellbeing, freedom, independence, values and beliefs of all people

Question 46

what are the 8 relationships?

Answer 46

intraspecific, interspecific, amensalism, predator-prey, herbivore-plant, parasitism, mutualism and commensalism