Unit 2 - Alcohols, Aldehydes, Ketones and Acids

Question 1

What are alcohols?

Answer 1

A homologous series containing a hydroxyl (OH) group

Question 2

What is ethanol commonly used in?

Answer 2

Alcoholic drinks

Question 3

What is the prefix for 1?

Answer 3

Meth

Question 4

What is the prefix for 2?

Answer 4

Eth

Question 5

What is the prefix for 3?

Answer 5

Prop

Question 6

What is the prefix for 4?

Answer 6

But

Question 7

What is the prefix for 5?

Answer 7

Pent

Question 8

What is the prefix for 6?

Answer 8

Hex

Question 9

What is the prefix for 7?

Answer 9

Hept

Question 10

What is the prefix for 8?

Answer 10

Oct

Question 11

What is this the general formula of alcohols?

Answer 11

CnH(2n+1)OH

Question 12

What are alcohols containing two hydroxyl groups called?

Answer 12

Diols
Di = 2
Ol = Alcohol ending

Question 13

What are alcohols containing three hydroxyl groups called?

Answer 13

Triols
Tri = 2
Ol = Alcohol ending

Question 14

What makes alcohols polar and what does this give rise to?

Answer 14

The OH group and it gives rise to hydrogen bonding

Question 15

What is a carboxylic acid?

Answer 15

A homologous series containing the carboxyl (COOH) functional group

Question 16

What is the general formula for carboxylic acids?

Answer 16

CnH(2n+1)COOH

Question 17

Are carboxylic acids polar?

Answer 17

Yes

Question 18

Can carboxylic acids form hydrogen bonds?

Answer 18

Yes - through the OH part of the carboxyl group

Question 19

What is oxidation in carbon compounds?

Answer 19

An increase in the “Power of Oxygen”
OR
An increase in the oxygen to hydrogen ratio.

Question 20

What is reduction in carbon compounds?

Answer 20

A decrease in the “Power of Oxygen”
OR
A decrease in the oxygen to hydrogen ratio

Question 21

What is another name for an aldehyde?

Answer 21

Alkanal

Question 22

What do aldehyde names end with?

Answer 22

-anal

Question 23

What is the functional group of the alkanals/aldehydes?

Answer 23

O=C-H

Question 24

What is the general formula of the alkanals/aldehydes?

Answer 24

CnH2nO

Question 25

What is another name for ketones?

Answer 25

Alkanones

Question 26

What do ketone names end in?

Answer 26

-one

Question 27

For aldehydes the functional group is always found where?

Answer 27

At the end of the molecule

Question 28

For ketones the functional group is always found where?

Answer 28

NOT at the ends of the molecule Somewhere in between in the middle part

Question 29

Aldehydes can be oxidised to ___

Answer 29

Carboxylic Acids

Question 30

Ketones cannot be ______

Answer 30

Oxidised

Question 31

What type of alcohol can form aldehydes?

Answer 31

Primary

Question 32

What type of alcohol can form ketones?

Answer 32

Secondary

Question 33

Tertiary alcohols cannot be ______

Answer 33

Oxidised

Question 34

What is the general formula for ketones?

Answer 34

CnH2nO

Question 35

What are the three types of alcohols?

Answer 35

Primary, Secondary, Tertiary