Unit 2-Alcohols Flashcards

1
Q

What do all alcohols contain?

A

hydroxyl functional group

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2
Q

What can alcohols be classed as depending on the position of the hydroxyl group?

A

primary secondary tertiary

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3
Q

What are alcohols isomers of?

A

the comparable ether e.g. ethanol and methoxymethane

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4
Q

What type of intermolecular bonding do all alcohols contain?

A

hydrogen bonding

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5
Q

What effect does the presence of hydrogen bonding in alcohols have on the boiling point?

A

alcohols have higher boiling point than other organic compounds of comparable mass and shape

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6
Q

What does the polar hydroxyl groups allow alcohols to be in terms of miscibility with water?

A

allows it to be miscible in water but solubility decreases as the length of the carbon chain increases

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7
Q

State 2 methods of preparing alcohols.

A

hydration of alkenes

nucleophilic substitution of haloalkanes

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8
Q

State possible reactions of alcohols.

A

Combustion

Dehydration to form alkenes

Oxidation:

a) Primary → aldehyde → carboxlic acid
b) Secondary → ketone

Tertiary → does not oxidise

Reaction with carboxylic acids or acid chlorides to form esters

Reaction with alkali metals to form alkoxide ions → ethers

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9
Q

What do alcohols react with alkali metals to produce?

A

alkoxide ion and hydrogen gas

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