Unit 2 AC1.1

Question 1

‘values’ definition

Answer 1

General principles or guidelines for how we should live. They tell us what is right and wrong, good and bad.

Question 2

example of ‘values’

Answer 2

British values:
- Tolerance
- Individual liberty
- Rule of law
- Democracy

Question 3

norms definition

Answer 3

Specific rules or socially accepted standards that govern people’s behaviour in particular situations. An example is respecting elders.

Question 4

moral codes definition

Answer 4

The term ‘moral code’ is often used to describe a basic set of rules, values and principles held by an individual, group, organisation or society as a whole. A moral code or code of ethics may be written down.

Question 5

example of moral codes

Answer 5

The Police Code of Ethics is a written guide to the core principles and standards of policing, the code lays down 9 policing principles.
Some include; accountability, integrity, respect, leadership and honesty.

Question 6

deviance definition

Answer 6

Any behaviour that differs from the norm. Unusual, uncommon or out of the ordinary behaviour. Behaviour can be unusual and good, eccentric or bad.

Question 7

deviance: norms and values

Answer 7

Deviance involves doing something forbidden or breaking a rule. This can lead to critical, hostile or disapproving reactions from others and their reaction may involve punishing the deviant.

Question 8

deviance: informal/formal sanctions

Answer 8

1. Formal sanctions: imposed by official bodies such as police. They’re punishments for breaking formal written rules or laws
2. Informal sanctions: used where rules are not formally written down and are ‘unspoken’
3. Positive sanctions: rewards for behaviour that people agree with

Question 9

informal rules

Answer 9

These are the ‘taken for granted’ rules that guide aspects of social life (queuing up in a line)

Question 10

formal social control

Answer 10

The formal way behaviour and actions are formally regulated and controlled in society (the police, courts, parliament)

Question 11

social control defintion

Answer 11

All sanctions are forms of social control - that is, ways in which society seeks to control behaviour.

Question 12

forms of deviance

Answer 12

Societies have many different rules and therefore, deviance, which involves breaking said rules, can take many different forms. These can range from extremely serious acts such as rape, murder or arson to trivial acts such as queue-jumping.