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Ochem > Unit 2 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are Chemical Properties?

A

Reactivity
Synthetic Access
3D shape
Material Properties

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2
Q

What are the Physical properties of molecules?

A 
Color and spectral properties
Melting point
Boiling point
Solubility
Partition coefficient
Biological properties
Toxicity
Ability to bind to a protein
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3
Q

What is A functional group?

A

A common and specific arrangement of atoms that impart predictable reactivity and properties to a molecule

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4
Q

What is an Alkane?

A

A type of hydrocarbon that only contain sigma bonds

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5
Q

What is the general formula for an Alkane?

A

CnH2n + 2

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6
Q

What does it mean for an Alkane to be Saturated?

A

They can no longer gain anymore hydrogen

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7
Q

What are the 6 hydrocarbon functional groups?

A 
Alkenes
Alkynes
Aromatics
Cyclic Alkanes
Cyclic Alkene
Cumulenes
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8
Q

What is an Alkene?

A

A hydrocarbon containing double bonds

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9
Q

What is an Alkyne?

A

A hydrocarbon containing triple bonds

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10
Q

What is an Aromatic?

A

A hydrocarbon containing alternating double bonds

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11
Q

What is a Cyclic Alkane?

A

A hydrocarbon in a circle form with no double or triple bonds

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12
Q

What is a Cyclic Alkene?

A

A hydrocarbon that is kind of circular and contains double bonds

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13
Q

What is a Cumulene?

A

Cumulative 3 or more double bonds

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14
Q

What is a Heteroatom functional group?

A

A functional group that does not have exclusively C or H

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15
Q

What does the hydroxyl functional group look like?

A

-OH connected to an R group

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16
Q

What does the Amine functional group look like?

A

An N connected to 1 or more R groups

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17
Q

What does a Nitro group look like?

A

An positively charge N bonded to a charged Oxygen and another Oxygen double bonded and an R group

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18
Q

What is a Nitrile group?

A

A Carbon triple bonded to a nitrogen and an R groups

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19
Q

What is an Anhydride group?

A

An oxygen bonded to two separate carbons on each side and the carbons are double bonded to an Oxygen each which are each bonded to an R group

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20
Q

What is an Ether?

A

An Oxygen bonded to an R group on each side

21
Q

What is a Ketone?

A

A carbon double bonded to an oxygen and two R groups

22
Q

What is an Aldehyde?

A

A carbons double bonded to an oxygen and an H and and R group

23
Q

What is a Carboxylic acid?

A

A carbon bonded to an -OH and and double bonded to an oxygen

24
Q

What is an Ester?

A

A carbon that is bonded to an R group, a double bonded O, and another ago connected to an R group

25
Q

What is an Amide?

A

A carbon double bonded to an O which is bonded to and NR and another R group

26
Q

What is an Alkyl halide?

A

An R group bonded to a halide

27
Q

What is a Primary Amine?

A

A nitrogen attached to 2 H’s and an R group

28
Q

What is a Secondary Amine?

A

A nitrogen attached to two Carbons and one H

29
Q

What is a Tertiary Amine?

A

A nitrogen attracted to 3 carbons and no H’s

30
Q

What is a Quarternary amine?

A

An positively charged nitrogen connected to 4 carbons

31
Q

What is a primary alcohol?

A

An -OH group that is attached to a carbon that is attached to only one other carbon

32
Q

What is a Secondary alcohol?

A

An -OH group that is attached to a carbon that is attached to only two other carbons

33
Q

What is Tertiary Alcohol?

A

An -OH group that is attached to a carbon that is attached to three one other carbons

34
Q

What are Intermolecular forces?

A

Week attractive forces that molecules exert on each other when they are in close proximity

35
Q

What are the types of intermolecular forces?

A

Electrostatic
Dipole dipole
H bond
London dispersion/van der walls

36
Q

What are electrostatic forces?

A

Forces that result when formally charges ions are attracted to each other

37
Q

What are Dipole dipole interactions?

A

Forces that result when polar molecules are attracted to each other

38
Q

What is hydrogen bonding?

A

The attractive force between an H bond donor and an H bond acceptor

39
Q

What is an H bond donor?

A

An H connected to an O or an N

40
Q

What is an H bond acceptor?

A

A lone pair on an oxygen or nitrogen

41
Q

What die Polor practice solvents act as?

A

Hydrogen bond donors

42
Q

What are London dispersion forces?

A

Attractive forces that exist between all molecules that result from small temporary dipoles. An increase in surface area increases attraction between molecules

43
Q

What can Aproctic solvents act as?

A

They have strong dipoles and can act as H-bond acceptors

44
Q

What are non-polar solvents held together?

A

Dipole dipole forces

45
Q

What is the abbreviation for Methyl?

A

Me

46
Q

What is the abbreviation for Ethyl?

A

Et

47
Q

What is the abbreviation for propyl?

A

Pr

48
Q

What is the appreciation for Isopropyl?

A

i-Pr

49
Q

What is the abbreviation for Butyl?

A

Bu

Ochem (9 decks)

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