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Health And Social Unit 2 > Unit 2 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Flashcards

1
Q

DOCTORS- GP

A
  • primary point of contact when someone is ill
  • carry out simple surgical procedures and preventative care and health education for service users
  • based in health centres and work as part of a multidisciplinary team
  • can refer a service user to a specialist at a hospital or to other care professionals for assessment or treatment etc
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2
Q

RESPONSIBILITIES OF DOCTOR (GP)

A
  • diagnose illnesses and ailments
  • discuss and agree treatment plans
  • prescribe medications and treatments
  • monitor the impact of treatments
  • deliver vaccination programmes/programmes on smoking etc
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3
Q

HOSPITAL DOCTORS (consultants)

A 
Senior, hospital based doctors who specialise in a certain field of medicine and manage complex cases
• cardiologists - heart disease
• psychiatrists - mental health
• oncologists - cancer 
• paediatrician - children 
• geriatricians - older people
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4
Q

NURSES

A
  • largest group of NHS workers
  • adult nurses, mental health nurses, children nurses, learning disability nurses, district nurses, neonatal nurses, health visitors nurses, practice nurses, school nurses
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5
Q

MIDWIVES

A
  • support women through all stages of pregnancy
  • provide antenatal (before) and postnatal (after) care
  • help families to prepare/deliver babies
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6
Q

HEALTH CARE ASSISTANTS

A

• sometimes known as nursing assistants or auxiliary nurses
• works with nurses in all types of settings
• duties include
- taking/recording temps and pulses
- weighing and recording patients weights
- taking patients to the toilet
- making beds
- washing/ dressing patients
- serving meals, helping patients to eat

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7
Q

SOCIAL WORKERS

A
  • provide care for all ages
  • aim to safeguard everyone and help them to live independent lives
  • adult services - disabilities, mental health, learning difficulties
  • child services - protect children from abuse and harm
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8
Q

OCCUPATIONAL THERAPISTS

A
  • work with people of all ages who have difficulty in carrying out the practical routines of daily life
  • help people to live independent lives
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9
Q

YOUTH WORKERS

A
  • work with people between the ages of 11-15
  • help people to reach their full potential and become a responsible member of society
  • run health campaigns, organise activities and projects, run sports teams, manage youth community projects, work with parents to support the development of children
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10
Q

CARE ASSISTANTS

A
  • provide practical help and support for people who struggle with everyday activities
  • help with personal daily care, general household tasks, paying bills, and writing letters and liaising with other health care professionals
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11
Q

CARE MANAGERS

A

• they manage the provision of residential care for;
- adults/young adults with learning difficulties
- older people in residential/nursing homes
- people in supported housing
- people receiving hospice care
• responsible for a care setting running and functioning

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12
Q

SUPPORT WORKERS

A
  • linked closely to a healthcare or nursing assistant role

* work alongside lots of different professionals

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13
Q

EXAMPLES OF POLICIES

A
  • health and safety
  • equality and diversity
  • medication
  • safeguarding
  • disclosure and barring service (DBS) referral
  • complaints
  • death of a resident
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14
Q

PRESCRIBING MEDICATION

A
  • a doctors role (traditionally)
  • some nurses can prescribe medication (if they have extra training)
  • some other professionals like a dentist can also prescribe medication
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15
Q

SURGERY

A

• health care workers in the community play a major role in helping patients recover e.g visits, assessments, changing dressings

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16
Q

RADIOTHERAPY

A
  • high energy radiation (radiotherapists)

* patients may needs follow up support from a GP to promote healing

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17
Q

ORGAN TRANSPLANT

A
  • patients may need support from a counsellor

* patients need to be prepared mentally and physically

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18
Q

SUPPORT FOR LIFESTYLE CHANGES

A
  • counselling
  • self-help groups
  • GPs
  • local nurses
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19
Q

SPECIALIST AGENCIES

A
  • age uk
  • mind
  • youngmind
  • the royal national institute of blind people (RMB)
  • Alzheimer’s society
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20
Q

EQUIPMENT TO INCREASE MOBILITY

A
  • walking sticks
  • walking frames
  • wheelchairs
  • adapted shopping trolleys
  • stairlifts
  • adapted cars
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21
Q

APPLIANCES TO SUPPORT DAILY LIVING

A
  • special cutlery with thick and light handles for arthritis
  • feeding cups or angles straws for drinks
  • egg cups and plates with suctioned bottoms
  • dining/arm chairs to meet needs
  • bath aids, walk in shower etc
  • adapted computer keyboards/screens
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22
Q

TECHNOLOGY TO HELP SUPPORT EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT

A
  • adapted computers -blind of visually impaired
  • signers and other assistants -deaf
  • wheelchair access
  • additional time in exams -dyslexia
  • enlarged text -poor vision
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23
Q

DOMICILIARY CARE

A
  • care provided in the service users own home
  • can be short or long term
  • can be a visit of 24hr care
  • domestic tasks or intimate personal care - delivering meals, DIY jobs, installing security equipment, arranging transport
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24
Q

EQUIPMENT TO IMPROVE HYGIENE

A
  • walk in baths
  • showers for wheelchair users
  • non-slip bath mats
  • bath/shower seats
  • hand rails
  • bath lifts and hoists
  • adapted taps
  • bedpans/commodes
  • female/male urinals
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25
Q

HYGIENE AND CULTURE

A
  • Muslims/Hindus - prefer running water (showers), prefer to use a bidet rather than toilet paper
  • Sikhs/Rastafarians - do not like to cut hair
  • Muslims/Hindus - same sex carers
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26
Q

DIETARY REQUIREMENTS

A
  • vegetarians - no fish or meat
  • vegans - no meat or animal related products
  • Muslims/ Jews - no pork
  • Muslims - halal
  • Jews - kasher
  • Hindus/ Sikhs - no beef
  • coeliac disease - no gluten
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27
Q

ASSESSING CARE AND PROVIDING SUPPORT

A
  • assess the clients needs
  • plan and agree care
  • implement the plan
  • monitor effectiveness
  • review and evaluate
  • amend the plan if necessary
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28
Q

HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE WORKERS HAVE TO….

A
  • promote anti-discriminatory practice
  • empower individuals
  • ensure the safety of staff and patients
  • maintain confidentiality and privacy
  • promote good communication
  • follow codes of practice and professional standards
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29
Q

GMC

A
  • general medical council

* doctors

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30
Q

NMC

A
  • nursing and midwifery council
  • nurses
  • midwives
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31
Q

HCPC

A
  • health and care professions council
  • social workers
  • physiotherapists
  • occupational therapists
  • paramedics
  • speech therapists
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32
Q

EQUALITY ACT (2010)

A 
• anti-discriminatory practice
• the act includes;
   - religion belief
   - sex
   - sexual orientation
   - age
   - disability
   - gender reassignment 
   - marriage and civil partnership
   - pregnancy and maternity
   - race
33
Q

HUMAN RIGHTS ACT (1998)

A
  • access to education
  • life
  • freedom from torture and degrading treatment
  • freedom from slavery and forced labour
  • Liberty and security of person
  • respect for a family life
  • freedom of thoughts, conscience, religion
  • freedom of expression
  • marry and found a family
  • peaceful enjoyment of possessions and protection of property
34
Q

EMPOWERING INDIVIDUALS

A
  • service users get to take control of their lives and futures by taking part in discussions and decisions about their care and treatment
  • empowering helps to meet an individuals needs
35
Q

INDIVIDUAL CARE

A

• empowering individuals helps them to feel like they are at the heart of the service

36
Q

DIGNITY AND INDEPENDENCE

A

• empowerment boosts self-esteem, dignity and independence

37
Q

PROVIDING SUPPORT FOR A SERVICE USERS BELIEFS, CULTURE AND PREFERENCES

A 
• multi cultural society
• staff have to respect;
   - beliefs
   - languages
   - traditions
   - diets
   - customs
• this can present challenges
38
Q

HELPING TO EXPRESS A SERVICE USERS NEEDS AND PREFERENCES

A 
• support could be given by;
   - translators/interpreters
   - signers
   - advocates
   - family/friends
• an advocate is someone who speaks on behalf of someone else and represents their views and preferences
39
Q

WHY MAY THERE BE CONFLICT BETWEEN STAFF AND THEIR SERVICE USER?

A
  • equally valid preferences between staff and the service user
  • the clients right to choose and protect their safety
  • the different rights that service users have
  • the respect for cultural or religious values of a service user and promoting their health and well-being
40
Q

DEALING WITH CONFLICT IN A HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE SETTING

A
  • training to deal with conflict
  • lone workers policy - make sure lone workers are safe
  • never resort to aggressive behaviour
  • listen carefully
  • stay calm
  • try to see both sides of the argument of issue
41
Q

RISK ASSESSMENTS - EMPLOYERS MUST….

A

• employers have to make sure every employee is safe (health and safety at work act 1974)
• employers must;
- have health and safety policies in place and an official who is responsible for making sure they are followed
- undertake a risk assessment for risks and hazards
- take actions to reduce risks and hazards

42
Q

RISK ASSESSMENT - EMPLOYEES MUST ….

A
  • take care of their own safety and others in the workplace
  • cooperate with their employer to carry out the required health and safety procedures
  • not intentionally damage health and safety equipment
43
Q

CARRYING OUT A RISK: STEP BY STEP

A
  • identify the hazards
  • identify those at risk
  • evaluate the level of risk
  • identify ways to limit the risk
  • review measures taken to limit the risk
44
Q

SAFEGUARDING FROM ABUSE

A
  • follow the settings safeguarding policies
  • listen carefully
  • avoid asking questions
  • tell the safeguarding officer who will investigate the claim or accusation
  • provide a written record
45
Q

PROTECTING PEOPLE FROM INFECTION

A

• all staff have to maintain a clean and hygienic working environment
• ensure your familiar with cleaning policies
• these can include;
- washing hands
- safe handling and disposal of sharp articles
- soiled linen in designated laundry bags
- wear disposable gloves and aprons
- follow procedures to clean all equipment
- wear protective clothing

46
Q

CONTROL AND DISPOSAL OF SUBSTANCES HARMFUL TO HEALTH

A
  • COSHH (2002)
  • clinical waste - yellow bag, burnt
  • needles and syringes - yellow ‘sharps’ box, sealed, burnt
  • bodily fluids - sluice drain
  • soiled linen - red laundry bag, appropriate temp
  • recyclable equipment and instruments - blue bag sent to the central stenlisation service (CSSD)
47
Q

REPORTING OF INJURIES, DISEASE AND DANGEROUS OCCURENCES

A
  • RIDDOR (2013)
  • notifiable deaths, injuries, or diseases
  • accident forms must be completed
  • required by law and checked on inspections
48
Q

HEALTH AND SAFETY (first aid) REGULATIONS (1981)

A
  • first aid should be adequate and appropriate
  • all incidents should be recorded
  • should be truthful and accurate
49
Q

THE DATA PROTECTION ACT (1998)

A

• data must:

  • not be passed to countries with out protection laws
  • kept safe and secure
  • not be kept longer than necessary
  • accurate and up to date
  • not be passed on without permission
  • collected honestly and fairly
  • be used only for the reasons it was given
  • meet the needs of the organisation
50
Q

HEALTH ORGANISATIONS HAVE TO MONITOR THE…

A
  • level and content of the initial training and education
  • ongoing professional development
  • standards of professional practice
  • standards of personal conduct
51
Q

MULTI-DISCIPLINARY TEAM

A

• a team in which health and social care workers from different professional backgrounds and with different work roles, plan, implement and monitor individuals care

52
Q

HOLISTIC APPROACH

A
  • addresses the whole person
  • PIES
  • emotional, physical and spiritual health
53
Q

SERVICE USER FEEDBACK

A
  • regular meetings
  • committee of representatives
  • suggestion box
  • private meetings
  • external agencies e.g Ofsted
54
Q

THE PUBLIC SECTOR

A
  • financed and directed by the government
  • NHS
  • funded by the tax payer and national insurance contributions
55
Q

PRIMARY HEALTH CARE

A
  • provided by GPs, dentists, opticians, and pharmacists

* accessed directly by the service user when needed

56
Q

SECONDARY HEALTH CARE

A
  • includes most hospital services, mental health services, and community health services
  • accessed via the GP who then makes a referral
57
Q

TERTIARY HEALTH CARE

A
  • provides specialist and normally complex services

* accessed via referral by specialists who have identified the need

58
Q

NHS FOUNDATION TRUSTS

A 
• independent trusts financed by the government 
• boards of governors
• aim to move the decision making process to local communities
• the service provided includes:
   - adult community nursing services
   - health visiting/school nursing 
   - physiotherapy/ occupational therapy
   - palliative/ end of life care
   - walk in/ urgent care centres
59
Q

ADULT SOCIAL CARE

A 
• provide:
   - care in the home
   - day centres 
   - respite care 
   - sheltered housing 
   - residential care 
   - training centres 
• run and managed by trusts
60
Q

CHILDREN’S SERVICES

A

• support can include:

  • services to safeguard children
  • day care for children under 5
  • help for parents to develop ‘parenting skills’
  • practical help
  • support of a children’s centre
  • arrangements for fostering and adoption
61
Q

HOW ARE GPs FUNDED?

A

• government via NHS
• funded according to their assessed workload from their patients. Taking into account:
- age
- gender
- levels of morbidity and mortality
- the number of people in a residential or nursing home
- patient turnover

62
Q

GPs GET EXTRA FUNDING IF ….

A
  • provide a high quality service
  • for additional services e.g vaccinations
  • for seniority (GPs length of service)
  • support for costs of equipment and premises
  • cost of medicines
63
Q

VOLUNTARY SECTOR

A
  • charities - rely on donations
  • not run for personal profit
  • use volunteers
  • not managed by government however the government can pay for their services
64
Q

PRIVATE SECTOR

A
  • commercial companies
  • they work in all sectors including nurseries, mental health, hospitals, or residential care
  • provides services for the government
65
Q

HOW IS THE PRIVATE SECTOR FUNDED?

A
  • fees from service users
  • payments from health insurance companies
  • grants or payments from local authorities for services provided on their behalf
66
Q

HOSPITALS

A
  • inpatient and outpatient services
  • outpatient - clinics, day surgery, specialist day time care
  • inpatient - 24 hours specialist support, referred via A&E or a GP
67
Q

DAY CARE CENTRES/UNITS

A
  • old people, disabled, learning difficulties, mental health

* friendly, supportive and stimulating environments

68
Q

HOSPICE CARE

A
  • improve quality of life for people who have terminal illnesses
  • palliative care
  • holistic care
  • individuals, their family and friends - support can extend to the bereavement period
69
Q

RESIDENTIAL CARE

A
  • long-term care for adults and children needing 24hr support
  • provide care for specific groups
  • residential care - personal care
  • nursing home - personal care and 24hr nursing care
70
Q

THE WORKPLACE

A
  • occupational therapists help to keep the workforce healthy
  • provided by an employer
71
Q

SELF-REFERRAL

A
  • is when a person contacts a care provider personally e.g GPs
  • mainly to primary health services
72
Q

THIRD-PARTY REFERRAL

A
  • is when a friend, neighbour of relative contacts a health of care service on another persons behalf
  • primary health services
73
Q

PROFESSIONAL REFERRAL

A
  • when a professional contacts another service provider to request support for a service user
  • e.g a GP refers a patient to a hospital specialist
74
Q

ASSESSMENT

A

• community care assessment (usually adult social services)
• they provide:
- reassurance and information about organisations that can help
- devices to help people e.g electric can openers
- referral to different care e.g domiciliary to residential
• carers assessment
• provide the service user with a written report outlining the needs identified and action to be taken

75
Q

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA

A

• national eligibility criteria;
- a physical and/or mental impairment or illness
- an inability to carry out two of the following tasks:
~ prepare and eat food
~ wash themselves or their clothes
~ manage their toilet needs
~ dress appropriately
~ move around their home easily
~ keep the house safe and clean
~ maintain relationships
~ access work, training, education, volunteering
~ use local facilities
~ carry out caring responsibilities
~ meet the outcomes likely to affect their health and well-being

76
Q

BARRIERS TO ACCESSING HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE SERVICES

A
  • language
  • inconvenient location of the service
  • financial
  • scarce resources
  • communication - discrimination, prejudice, stereotypes, jargon
77
Q

CHARITIES AND PATIENT GROUPS

A
  • they can represent the service user e.g shelter, crisis
  • advice, guidance, support
  • pressure groups
  • campaign on an individuals behalf
78
Q

COMPLAINTS POLICY

A

• all care settings must have formal complaints procedures
• the settings have to make sure patients and their families are able to access these services
• the procedures and the outcome of any complaints will be checked whenever the setting is inspected
• if a service user complains they have the right to/
- have their complaints dealt with efficiently and quickly
- have their complaints fully investigated
- be told the outcome of their complaint
- receive compensation if necessary

79
Q

WHISTLEBLOWING POLICIES

A
  • care organisations have to have whistleblowing policies

* the policies protect staff

Health And Social Unit 2 (2 decks)

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