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Higher Chemistry > Unit 2 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the types of alcohol

A

Primary
Secondary
Tertiary

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2
Q

How many times can primary alcohols oxidise if they can

A

Twice

First into an aldehyde then into a carboxylic acid

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3
Q

How many times can secondary alcohols oxidise if they can

A

Once

Into a ketone

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4
Q

How many times can tertiary alcohols oxidise if they can

A

They can’t

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5
Q

What does OILRIG stand for

A 
Oxidation
Is 
Loss
Reduction
Is
Gain
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6
Q

What is a hydroxyl group

A

-OH

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7
Q

What is an alcohol with two OH groups called

A

Diols

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8
Q

What is an alcohol with three OH groups called

A

Triols

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9
Q

What properties do alcohols have

A

High melting and boiling points compared to similar sized alkanes
Polar Solvent

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10
Q

What is viscosity

A

A liquids resistance to flow

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11
Q

What is esterification

A

Alcohol + carboxylic acid 🔁 Ester + Water

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12
Q

What is a carboxyl

A

O
⏸
C - OH

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13
Q

What is an Ester link

A

O
⏸
O - C -

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14
Q

How are esters named

A

The first part is no of carbons in the alcohol +yl
The second part is the no of carbons in the acid +anoate

Ethanol + ethanoic acid = EthylEthanoate + water

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15
Q

What does hydrogenation mean

A

Hydro - gen - Ation

Water. Adding

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16
Q

What uses do esters have

A

Perfume design

17
Q

What does hydrolysis mean

A

Hydro - lysis

Water - Splitting

18
Q

How are esters made I to an alcohol and carboxylic acid and vice versa

A

Hydrolysis into carboxylic acid

Condensation/Esterification into Ester

19
Q

What is the structural formula for glycerol(propan1-2-3-triol)

A 
H
H -C -OH
H- C - OH
H -C - OH
     H
20
Q

What are the differences between fats and oils

A

Fats are more tightly packed than oils making them solid at room temperature

21
Q

What is a glyceride

A

An Ester of glycerol with fatty acids

22
Q

How do soaps function

A

The hydrophobic tail sticks into the dirt/grease whilst the hydrophilic head remains on the water and helps break it up and pull it out

23
Q

What elements make up proteins

A

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen

24
Q

What is the name given to the amino acids that the body can’t produce

A

Essential Amino Acids

Higher Chemistry (3 decks)

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