unit 2 Flashcards
Corticospinal tract
Voluntary movement
- decussates at pyramidal decussation and projects to spinal chord
- interneurons in spinal cord project to adjacent areas
- lower motor neurons in spinal cord innervate muscle fiber targets
Corticobulbar tract
voluntary movement of head and neck,
Corticopontocerebellar tract
copy of descending motor information
vestibulospinal tract
voluntary movement for postural control, trunk and leg extensors
rubrospinal tract
voluntary movement of limbs (upper flexors)
reticulospinal tract
voluntary movement of limbs and trunk
Dorsal Column Medial Lemniscus
The big four
- fine touch
- proprioception (awareness of body)
- vibration sense
- stereognosiis - touching 3D objects
DCML
3 nuerons
- peripheral tissue prjcts to brainstem
- decussates and projects to contralateral VPL thalamus
- VPL thalamus project to somatosensory cortex
Anterolateral system
The little three
- pain
- temp
- crude touch
Trigeminothalamic Tract
Big 4 and little 3
for the face
Dorsal Spinocerebellar Tract
Unconscious proprioception
Visual Pathway
Retina Optic Nerve CN 2 Optic Chiasm Optic Tract LGN Thalamus Optic Radiation Primary Visual Vortex V1 Visual Association Cortex V2
Auditory pathway
pinna auditory canal tympanic membrane malleus incus stapes oval window perilymph basilar membrane tectorial membrane hair cells cochear nerve vestibulocochlear nerve brainstem mgn thalamus primary auditory cortex (a1) auditory association cortex (A2)
Retino Hypothalamic pathway
retinal ganglion cells that project to supracciasmatic nucleus, cntain melanospin( sensitive to light)
stimulationn inhibits sleepiness/ melanin
sleep cycle
non rem sleep
stage 1 - begins with relaxation, alpha waves (lasts minutes)
stage 2 - alpha waves with sleep spindles and k-complexes - sharp negative eeg potentials
stage 3 - delta waves ( large amplitude and slow waves)
REM sleep- small amplitude , high frequency waves with relaxed muscles
