Unit 2 Flashcards
The test for oxygen?
Re lights are glowing splint
The test for carbon dioxide?
Turns lime water cloudy.
Test for hydrogen?
Burns with a squeaky pop
The test for nitrogen?
No test
What is a fuel?
Fuel is a chemical that burns to release energy
Name some fossil fuels
Coal
Oil
Peat
Fossil fuels are finites what is meant by the word finite?
Non-renewable
What is a homologous series?
À homologus séries is a group of chemicals with similar chemical properties and can be represented by a general formula.
What is an isomer?
And Isomer has the same molecular formula but has different structural formula
What is the formula for an alkane?
CnH2n+2
What is the formula for the alkene
CnH2n
What is the formula for a cyclo alkane?
CnH2n
What is meant by the term saturated.
Saturated as when himologus series has a carbon to carbon single bond
What is meant by the term unsaturated?
When a homologous series has a carbon to carbon double bond
What is combustion?
Combustion is when something burns with a plentiful supply of oxygen
What is incomplete combustion?
Incomplete combustion is when something burns with a limited supply of oxygen
What does hydrocarbon contain?
Hydrogen and carbon only
What is distillation?
Distillation is when liquids are separated by the difference of boiling points
What is fractional distillation?
Fractional distillation is when crude oils are separated by the difference and boiling points
What is the test for saturation?
Place the solution in bromine water
What happened to the bromine water if it is saturated?
If it is saturated the bromine water stays the same
What happens if the bromine water is unsaturated?
If it’s un saturated then the bromine water decolourises
What is an addition reaction?
And addition reaction is when the double bond partially breaks and attacking molecule joins on
What is it called of hydrogen is added on?
Hydrogenation
What is it called if water is added on?
Hydration
What happens in cracking?
in cracking heat is used to break the intermolecular forces to make hydrocarbons smaller
What do you do to avoid suck back?
Remove the tube before you stop heating
What do you do to form an alcohol?
You need to go through a process called fermentation
What is fermentation
Fermentation is when an enzyme breaks down carbohydrates to form alcohol and water
What is the maximum concentration produced why and why is this?
12% this is because the enzyme stops working
What happens after fermentation?
Distillation is then carried out
Alkanoic acids can be known by their what group?
Carboxyl group (OOH)
Carbohydrates are made up of?
Carbon hydrogen and oxygen
Name the two groups of carbohydrates
Sugar and starch
How do you make Carbohydrates?
By either photosynthesis or respiration
What is hydrolysis?
Hydrolysis is when a molecule is broken down using water
What is dehydration?
Dehydration is when a reaction takes place which involves removing water
alkanols can be represented by?
Hydroxyl group (OH)
What is a condensation reaction?
A condensation reaction is when two molecules react together to produce a large molecule and water
