Unit 1 Flashcards
An exothermique reaction…… energy.
Releases energy to its surroundings.
An endothermic reaction….. energy
It takes in energy from its surroundings.
What speeds up chemical reactions??
Increasing the concentration
Increasing the temperature
Decreasing the particle size
Why is it better if the particles are smaller rather in big chunks?
It mans there is a bigger surface area hence more space for SUCCESSFUL COLLISIONS to take place
How do you calculate rate?
change in quantity
Rate =—————————
Change in time
What is group one called?
Are they reactive?
Alkali metals
They are very reactive
What is group 2 called?
Are they reactive?
The alkaline earth metals
They are reactive
The name of group 7 is?
Are they reactive?
Halogens
They are reactive
What is group 0 called?
Are they reactive?
Noble gases
No, they are stable
What happens as you go down a group?
They become more reactive
What mass and charge does a proton have?
Mass=1amu
Charge=+1
What mass and charge does a neutron have?
Mass=1amu
Charge=0
What mass and charge does an electron have?
Mass=0amu
Charge=-1
4
He
2
The number of protons is?
2
4
He
2
The number of neutrons is?
4-2=2
The mass - the number of protons
4
He
2
The number of electrons is?
2
When an atom gains or loses an electron it is then known as a……
Ion
What is an isotope?
An isotope is atoms of an element they have everything the same except the number of neutrons which also means the mass is different.
What is ionic bonding?
Ionic bonding is between metals and non metals.
They transfer electrons to become stable.
What is covalent bonding?
Covalent bonding is between non metals.
They share their electrons to become stable.
How many diatomic elements are there?
Name some of them.
7
Hydrogen Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Chlorine Bromine Iodine
How are metals able to conduct?
Their outer electrons are delocalised
When do ionic compounds conduct.
When do they not conduct.
Why is this?
When molten
As a solid
Ions are not free to move as a solid but they can move when it becomes a liquid.
What is another name for an ionic compound?
Ionic lattice
What type of melting and boiling point does it have?
Melting - high
Boiling - high
What type of melting and boiling points does a covalent network have?
Melting - high
Boiling - high
What type of melting and boiling points does a discrete covalent network have?
What type of bonding is present?
Melting - low
Boiling - low
Weak inter molecular bonds
Elements conduct electricity by a flow of …..
Compounds conduct by a flow of …..
Electrons
Ions
What is the gfm of CO2
CO2
|__|______1x12= 12
| (Add together)
|______2x16= 32
gfm= 44
Water contains an equal amount of?
H+ and OH- ions
What can you use to tell if the substance is an acid or a base?
Universal indicator
pH paper
……… dissolved in water to produce an acid.
Non metal oxides
……… dissolves in water to produce a bases.
Metal oxides
Metal oxides + acid ——> ? + ?
Salt + water
How can you calculate the mass of something?
Mass = moles x gfm
How can you calculate the number of moles?
Moles = mass / gfm
Moles = concentration x volume
What type of reaction happens when 2 solutes react to form an insoluble product?
Precipitation
What are spectator ions?
They do not take part in the reaction (they do not change in any way)
