Unit 2: 5-Human landscape of the UK Flashcards
1
Q
Describe the population distrbution in the UK
A
- Highest in Cities
- High inareas anround scities where major citeis have become conurbation
- Upland areas E.g. Northern Scotland are mostly rurual wich means they are soarcly populated
- Other rural areas e.g. northern Irland/North England
2
Q
What is a conibation?
A
Towns that have merged to form continous urban areas
3
Q
What is the economic acivity in an urban core like?
A
- Higher conc of ecomic activity
- 60% of jobs in cities found there
- Main Tertiary and manufactureing empolyement oppitunities
- Lots of people live there because there are more jobs wich are foten better paied
4
Q
What is the economic acivity in an Rural areas like?
A
- Fewer job oppitunities
- More primary inductry
- Seasonala torism e.g. cafe and holtels in Lake district
- Some commuter settelemnt peopel live theire and travel to urban arease for work
5
Q
How do the age demogrphyis vary between urban + rural areas?
A
- High pop of young in big cities= people fo ten live closer to jobs = More woking age people
- Higher pop of older people in rural areas peole move out of urban to more peacful areas to retire
6
Q
What may some rural areas struggle to grow economically?
A
- Isolated some areas on perphery of UK wich are relitively inascessibel have few employment oppertunities as they are difficualt to farm + have little natural resources.Depopulation as young people leave to fine work elsewhere=> loss of servies as they can nolonger be supported
- Rurual areas around former inductrual areas have high unployment due to loss of manufacturing
7
Q
WHat schems have been launched to reduce Wealth inqualities
A
- Creating enterprize zones
- Transport infastructure
- Reginal development
8
Q
What are enterprize zones?
A
- GOV have created 55 across the UK
- Offer companes range of benfits: reducting tax, simpler planning rules & improved infastructure ( faster broadband)
- Encourages companies to locate int hes es arease of high unemployment brigning benifficla income to struggling rurual areas
- Dorst Green hgih tech engernerrign enterpise zone homes to attract 55 more compaines creatin 2000 more jobs
9
Q
Transport infastruacture.
A
- HS2 New high speed railo line linking Birmingham,MAnchester and leeds=> increase capcity for faster transport into major cities=> promite inductry+ jobs in poorer areas ( northern)
- Local: LAncshire countyhas built road to linka new port of Heysham to M6=>encourage buisnedss by reducting travle time=>easing conjestin=? more job oppituniteis fr or surrounding rural areas
10
Q
Regonal develpment
A
- While memebr of the EU the Eropean Regional Development fund ERDF promeoted growth in rurral areas investing in samm high tech business, providign trainsing to imporve local peopeles skill + funding infastructure. EU funded superfast bradaben in Cornwall=> attract digital business .g. Gravitas and likned regeneration projects and new resharech and develpement int he regin=> skilled jobs for local younhg graduates=> more jobs
- Sustainabel farming insenntives SFI GOV scheme to provide funding to help farmer improve their food production + sustaniblity. Farmenr rewardr for implamnetabtio of susutable measure taken to imorve water quality, soil health Bioidversity
11
Q
How much of the UK’s population grow is lead by natural increase?
A
Half the other half is natural increase
12
Q
WHat arerr the migaration patternsin the UK?
A
- Scince 1970-1982 more people left the UK than eneterge ( net) most leave in a cosntant steam to Austraila spain france USA
- Scence 1983 more people have moved tot he UK than left=> net migaratio has genrally been increaseing- more than doubbeld int eh last 10 years
13
Q
How ahs migration affected the disritution of the population?
A
- Young national migrant and most internation al migrents move to major citeis where most jobs + uni’s are=> most popular = london + west midlands
- Lots of counter urbanisation as wealthey people move mout of cities seeking better QOL london has the highest nuber of peopel leaving
- Older may move to coastal areas where they retire
14
Q
How ahs migartio affected the age structure of the UK?
A
- Increased number of young migrent s increasees the mube rof young peopel ( 20-29)
- Immigrant make up 135 of pop but 27% of the birth rait = increases the birth rate fo the UK 9 but becomes the smae within a few gen)
15
Q
How has UK immigration policy increased dieversity
A
- Post WW2 Common wearthe immigration iencouraged to fill skill shartages in the UK
- Work permit VISA’s => encrouge higly skilled Pakisani + indians
- UK has as hiugh pepeortion of Carribain + Asin
- EU free movement of people= more German for example
- Many lower income countries joined the EU afeter th 2000s= more loww skilled labours
- Polish people are the LArgest non born UK group
- CAused Culteral diversity as peopel bing festives ac lothe ect of their own=rich culture
