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AP World > Unit 2 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Karma and how does it translate to everyday life of every Indian?

A

Peoples acts in this life will determine next life. People acted different and proper wanting to improve next life

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2
Q

What’s the literal meaning of the word Buddha?

A

Enlightened or awakened one

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3
Q

How did Ashoka spread the word of Bhudda?

A

First major Indian ruler to support Buddhism. Converted non ascetics to be Buddhists.

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4
Q

Why was the battle of Kalinga a turning point for Buddhism?

A

It inspired Ashoka to be Buddhist which led to him wide spreading it. Built Stupas

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5
Q

What relationship did Confucius focus on?

A 
Ruler/subject
Father/son
Husband/wife
Older brother/younger brother
Friend/friend
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6
Q

Under which dynasty did Confucianism really spread?

A

The Han dynasty

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7
Q

What’s the importance of the analects to Confucianism?

A

The writing of Confucius’ teachings

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8
Q

What do the antalects mean translated to English

A

Discussions and conversations

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9
Q

Why was the battle of Kalinga a turning point for Buddhism?

A

It inspired Ashoka to be Buddhist which led to him wide spreading it

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10
Q

What relationship did Confucius focus on?

A 
Ruler/subject
Father/son
Husband/wife
Older brother/younger brother
Friend/friend
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11
Q

Major similarities between daoism and Confucianism? What characteristic do they share?

A

Both have characteristic of peace. Finding something.

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12
Q

All though Confucianism isn’t considered a religion what aspect could qualify.

A

Rituals at birth, marriage, and death,

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13
Q

Why did the Roman Empire have Jesus crucified?

A

They believed he posed a threat against Roman rule.

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14
Q

Why were so many converts attracted to the promises of Jesus?

A

It promised salvation and welcomed all to join the church.

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15
Q

Who was Paul and why did he feel he was a true and personal disciple of Jesus?

A

A disciple. Jesus appeared to him in a vision he says which made him feel like Jesus personal disciple.

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16
Q

Christianity in Rome.

A

Constantine wins battle with cross on shield. Became popular in Rome. Theodosisus made it the offices religion of the empire and banned all other religions.

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17
Q

How was Alexander the greats empire more Persian then Greek?

A

Used same rules old Persian empire used. Persian tradition and adopted many of their practices.

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18
Q

What’s the story behind the founding of Rome?

A

Romulus and Remus. Romulus kills Remus

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19
Q

What groups were among the first to settle in the Italian peninsula.

A

Etruscans. Gauls, celts

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20
Q

What empire did Rome have its first major clash with?

A

Carthage

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21
Q

What does the term latifundia refer too?

A

Private estates that held slaves

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22
Q

How was Julius Caesar able to gain power????????

A

Defeated Gaul. Favored plebeians. Said dictator for lyfe.

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23
Q

How was Caesar assassinated?

A

Jealousy

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24
Q

What was the Pax Romana?

A

Romes Golden age. Roman peace

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25
Q

Who was Octavian?

A

Caesars son. First emperor. Later renamed Augustus

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26
Q

What does Augustus mean?

A

Revered

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27
Q

Why was the Roman empires use of military volunteers not successful?

A

No loyalty. Didn’t care

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28
Q

What was the importance of standardized coinage in the Roman Empire?

A

Expands trade. Makes Greek society universal

29
Q

What was the role of patrician in Roman society? Plebian?

A

The rich folk made laws. Poor people.

30
Q

What were major characteristics of Roman religion before Christianity?

A

Own gods. Officials offered regular sacrifices. Worshiped many dietes

31
Q

Which emperor moved the capital to Byzantium?

A

Constantine

32
Q

Why were the Romans so successful at expansion during the years of the republic?

A

Strong military and had roads to transport military. Everyone was loyal and “patriotic”

33
Q

What was the principate?

A

New political system in which emperor had almost complete control.

34
Q

What is the historical importance of Constantine?

A

First emperor to allow Christianity. Moved capital to Byzantium which lead to Turkey

35
Q

What is the historical importance of Theodosius 1?

A

Last emperor to rule over east and west. Made Christianity official religion.

36
Q

Who was Diocletian? What is his historical importance?

A

Emperor in principate. Increased size of army. Divided into east and west. Tetrachy.

37
Q

How did the Zhou collapse?

A

As they furthered expanded, they weakened and were defeated. Confucianism also helped.

38
Q

What period followed ten collapse of the Zhou?

A

The warring states

39
Q

Which dynasty was the first to unify China?

A

Qin

40
Q

What religion emerged under the Qin?

A

Legalism; used this to end warring states

41
Q

How did the Qin use legalism?

A

To better the military which led to conquering land and people. Also helped rank officials

42
Q

What religion/philosophy was spread during the Han?

A

Confucianism.

43
Q

What problems did the Han face when they took control of China?

A

Understaffed

44
Q

What was the imperial academy? How did it prepare people for a role in government?

A

Encouraged study of Confucianism texts. Best students were best suited to be officials. Prepared them by making them study Confucius

45
Q

What was the most important technological achievement of the Han? What is its impact on world history?

A

Paper. Led to written reading instead of oral. Still used today. All the important documents that have been written. Education. Trade

46
Q

What political structure did the Persians use? Why was it successful?

A

Monarchy. Good people

47
Q

Why did Darius I chose this structure?

A

Benefitted himself. He’s a true politician

48
Q

Even though they built one of the largest empires in history, they couldn’t beat…

A

Greece

49
Q

What changes did Cyrus have to make to military to make them more effective?

A

Increased in size and paid

50
Q

Why were the Persian couriers so efficient? What did Herodotus say about them?

A

They traveled the whole time never stopping. Had horses and couriers a day away from each other. Uses roads

51
Q

Who was Herodotus? Where was he from? What form of government did he think was most effective?

A

From Halicarnassus/modern day turkey. Father of world history. Democracy.

52
Q

What was the Babylonian captivity? Who ended it?

A

The captivity of Jews in Babylon. Cyrus

53
Q

Describe Athens at the height of its power

A

Democracy. Strong navy. Home to Socrates and Plato. Construction of great temple to athena on the Acropolis. Greek tragedies

54
Q

Who was homer? What war did he write about?

A

A poet and tragedy writer. The Trojan wars

55
Q

Characteristics of a Greek city state of polis? Were they unified of independent.

A

Each is different. Men with land and property had rights usually. Fought together to defeat Persia. Besides that totally seperate. Even fought.

56
Q

Who was Solon? What did he create?

A

Famous reformer. Became head of state in Athens. Led to direct democracy

57
Q

Who was able to have political power in early Greek democracy.

A

Men with land

58
Q

How did the role of city states cause Persians to not be able to defeat Greece?

A

They United together to defeat them. Wanted to defend their land.

59
Q

Who was Plato? What did his academy emphasize?

A

Student of Socrates. Philosopher. Emphasized ethics. Asked questions. Use reasoning

60
Q

Who was Aristotle? What did his academy emphasize?

A

Philosopher. Student of Plato. Study hard to gain control of desires.

61
Q

How had Hinduism changed by the time of the Gupta?

A

Bhuddsim and Hinduism spreads as caste system emerges

62
Q

Who had founded the Mauryan dynasty?

A

Chandragupta, maurya

63
Q

Under which ruler did the Mauryan dynasty reach its peak

A

Ashoka

64
Q

What happened to Ashoka at Kalinga?

A

Saw people dead; switch to peaceful Buddhism.

65
Q

How did bhuddism spread during the Mauryan dynasty?

A

Ashoka adopted it to gain followers

66
Q

What unique animal did mauryans use

A

Elephant

67
Q

The use of this animal made the Mauryan military intriguing to foreigners?

A

Elephants

68
Q

What happened to Buddhism after the death of Ashoka

A

In India it spread throughout China on the Silk Road

69
Q

When did the west and east parts fall?

A

West:476
East:1453

AP World (3 decks)

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