Unit 2 Flashcards
What is Karma and how does it translate to everyday life of every Indian?
Peoples acts in this life will determine next life. People acted different and proper wanting to improve next life
What’s the literal meaning of the word Buddha?
Enlightened or awakened one
How did Ashoka spread the word of Bhudda?
First major Indian ruler to support Buddhism. Converted non ascetics to be Buddhists.
Why was the battle of Kalinga a turning point for Buddhism?
It inspired Ashoka to be Buddhist which led to him wide spreading it. Built Stupas
What relationship did Confucius focus on?
Ruler/subject Father/son Husband/wife Older brother/younger brother Friend/friend
Under which dynasty did Confucianism really spread?
The Han dynasty
What’s the importance of the analects to Confucianism?
The writing of Confucius’ teachings
What do the antalects mean translated to English
Discussions and conversations
Why was the battle of Kalinga a turning point for Buddhism?
It inspired Ashoka to be Buddhist which led to him wide spreading it
What relationship did Confucius focus on?
Ruler/subject Father/son Husband/wife Older brother/younger brother Friend/friend
Major similarities between daoism and Confucianism? What characteristic do they share?
Both have characteristic of peace. Finding something.
All though Confucianism isn’t considered a religion what aspect could qualify.
Rituals at birth, marriage, and death,
Why did the Roman Empire have Jesus crucified?
They believed he posed a threat against Roman rule.
Why were so many converts attracted to the promises of Jesus?
It promised salvation and welcomed all to join the church.
Who was Paul and why did he feel he was a true and personal disciple of Jesus?
A disciple. Jesus appeared to him in a vision he says which made him feel like Jesus personal disciple.
Christianity in Rome.
Constantine wins battle with cross on shield. Became popular in Rome. Theodosisus made it the offices religion of the empire and banned all other religions.
How was Alexander the greats empire more Persian then Greek?
Used same rules old Persian empire used. Persian tradition and adopted many of their practices.
What’s the story behind the founding of Rome?
Romulus and Remus. Romulus kills Remus
What groups were among the first to settle in the Italian peninsula.
Etruscans. Gauls, celts
What empire did Rome have its first major clash with?
Carthage
What does the term latifundia refer too?
Private estates that held slaves
How was Julius Caesar able to gain power????????
Defeated Gaul. Favored plebeians. Said dictator for lyfe.
How was Caesar assassinated?
Jealousy
What was the Pax Romana?
Romes Golden age. Roman peace
Who was Octavian?
Caesars son. First emperor. Later renamed Augustus
What does Augustus mean?
Revered
Why was the Roman empires use of military volunteers not successful?
No loyalty. Didn’t care
What was the importance of standardized coinage in the Roman Empire?
Expands trade. Makes Greek society universal
What was the role of patrician in Roman society? Plebian?
The rich folk made laws. Poor people.
What were major characteristics of Roman religion before Christianity?
Own gods. Officials offered regular sacrifices. Worshiped many dietes
Which emperor moved the capital to Byzantium?
Constantine
Why were the Romans so successful at expansion during the years of the republic?
Strong military and had roads to transport military. Everyone was loyal and “patriotic”
What was the principate?
New political system in which emperor had almost complete control.
What is the historical importance of Constantine?
First emperor to allow Christianity. Moved capital to Byzantium which lead to Turkey
What is the historical importance of Theodosius 1?
Last emperor to rule over east and west. Made Christianity official religion.
Who was Diocletian? What is his historical importance?
Emperor in principate. Increased size of army. Divided into east and west. Tetrachy.
How did the Zhou collapse?
As they furthered expanded, they weakened and were defeated. Confucianism also helped.
What period followed ten collapse of the Zhou?
The warring states
Which dynasty was the first to unify China?
Qin
What religion emerged under the Qin?
Legalism; used this to end warring states
How did the Qin use legalism?
To better the military which led to conquering land and people. Also helped rank officials
What religion/philosophy was spread during the Han?
Confucianism.
What problems did the Han face when they took control of China?
Understaffed
What was the imperial academy? How did it prepare people for a role in government?
Encouraged study of Confucianism texts. Best students were best suited to be officials. Prepared them by making them study Confucius
What was the most important technological achievement of the Han? What is its impact on world history?
Paper. Led to written reading instead of oral. Still used today. All the important documents that have been written. Education. Trade
What political structure did the Persians use? Why was it successful?
Monarchy. Good people
Why did Darius I chose this structure?
Benefitted himself. He’s a true politician
Even though they built one of the largest empires in history, they couldn’t beat…
Greece
What changes did Cyrus have to make to military to make them more effective?
Increased in size and paid
Why were the Persian couriers so efficient? What did Herodotus say about them?
They traveled the whole time never stopping. Had horses and couriers a day away from each other. Uses roads
Who was Herodotus? Where was he from? What form of government did he think was most effective?
From Halicarnassus/modern day turkey. Father of world history. Democracy.
What was the Babylonian captivity? Who ended it?
The captivity of Jews in Babylon. Cyrus
Describe Athens at the height of its power
Democracy. Strong navy. Home to Socrates and Plato. Construction of great temple to athena on the Acropolis. Greek tragedies
Who was homer? What war did he write about?
A poet and tragedy writer. The Trojan wars
Characteristics of a Greek city state of polis? Were they unified of independent.
Each is different. Men with land and property had rights usually. Fought together to defeat Persia. Besides that totally seperate. Even fought.
Who was Solon? What did he create?
Famous reformer. Became head of state in Athens. Led to direct democracy
Who was able to have political power in early Greek democracy.
Men with land
How did the role of city states cause Persians to not be able to defeat Greece?
They United together to defeat them. Wanted to defend their land.
Who was Plato? What did his academy emphasize?
Student of Socrates. Philosopher. Emphasized ethics. Asked questions. Use reasoning
Who was Aristotle? What did his academy emphasize?
Philosopher. Student of Plato. Study hard to gain control of desires.
How had Hinduism changed by the time of the Gupta?
Bhuddsim and Hinduism spreads as caste system emerges
Who had founded the Mauryan dynasty?
Chandragupta, maurya
Under which ruler did the Mauryan dynasty reach its peak
Ashoka
What happened to Ashoka at Kalinga?
Saw people dead; switch to peaceful Buddhism.
How did bhuddism spread during the Mauryan dynasty?
Ashoka adopted it to gain followers
What unique animal did mauryans use
Elephant
The use of this animal made the Mauryan military intriguing to foreigners?
Elephants
What happened to Buddhism after the death of Ashoka
In India it spread throughout China on the Silk Road
When did the west and east parts fall?
West:476
East:1453
