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Chemistry > Unit 2 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Ernest Rutherford determined that the ____ held a ____ charge that was surrounded by mostly empty space from “gold foil experiment”

A

nucleus; positive

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2
Q

J.J. Thomson used a cathode ray tube to confirm the existence of which subatomic particle?

A

Electrons

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3
Q

In Niels Bohr’s atomic model, electrons are located in ______.

A

orbits

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4
Q

Dalton theorized that the atoms are indivisible and that all atoms of an element are identical. We now know that ___.

A

Atoms are divisible (can be broken down further)

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5
Q

Who first arranged the elements according to atomic mass and noticed a periodic recurrence of their physical and chemical properties?

A

Dmitri Mendeleev

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6
Q

What is the smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of that element?

A

an atom

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7
Q

Hydrogen-4 has how many electrons in a neutral atom?

A

1

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8
Q

Hydrogen-4 has how many neutrons?

A

3

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9
Q

Hydrogen-4 has how many protons?

A

1

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10
Q

Sulfur-34 has how many protons?

A

16

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11
Q

Sulfur-34 has how many electrons in a neutral atom?

A

16

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12
Q

Sulfur-34 has how many neutrons?

A

18

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13
Q

The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of which particles in the nucleus?

A

protons

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14
Q

The sum of the protons and neutrons in an atom equals the ___

A

mass number

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15
Q

Which subatomic particle has a positive charge?

A

proton

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16
Q

Which two subatomic particles are found in the nucleus of an atom?

A

proton and neutron

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17
Q

Two isotopes of an element are exactly the same except for the

A

neutrons

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18
Q

What does the letter “Na” represent. (look at the image)

A

element symbol

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19
Q

What does the letter “A” represent? (look at the image)

A

mass number

20
Q

What does the letter “Z” represent? (look at the image)

A

atomic number

21
Q

True or False: Atoms of isotopes of an element have different numbers of protons.

A

false (they have different numbers of neutrons)

22
Q

Which subatomic particles have a mass of 1 amu?

A

protons and neutrons

23
Q

All atoms of the same element have the same

A

number of protons

24
Q

What is the average atomic mass for the isotopes carbon-12 with an abundance of 96.0% & carbon-14 with an abundance of 4.0%?

A

12 amu

25
Q

Find the average atomic mass of silver if 52% of the silver atoms are 107 Ag and the rest are 109 Ag.

A

107.96

26
Q

Why are all atomic masses not nearly whole numbers?

A

This is because atomic masses are the the weighted average of the masses of all naturally occurring isotopes.

27
Q

How many valence electrons are in an alkali metal?

A

1

28
Q

How many valence electrons are in a halogen?

A

7

29
Q

What is the alkaline earth metal found in period 2?

A

Be

30
Q

What type of metal is Fe?

A

Transition metal

31
Q

Which of the following (Ag, Cu, S, Si) is a metalloid?

A

Si

32
Q

How many valence electrons does an atom of bromine have?

A

7

33
Q

How many valence electrons does an atom of magnesium have?

A

2

34
Q

The Lewis dot structure for an element in the Halogen family will have how many dots around each atom’s symbol?

A

7

35
Q

How many valence electrons would be found in an atom with the atomic number of 51?

A

5

36
Q

How many rings are in the Bohr diagram of a Fluorine atom?

A

2

37
Q

Experiments with cathode rays led to the discovery of the ___.

A

electron

38
Q

A positive ion is known as a(n)

A

cation

39
Q

A negative ion is known as a(n)

A

anion

40
Q

Rubidium has two common isotopes, rubidium-85 and rubidium-87. If the abundance of Rubidium-85 is 70.00% and Rubidium-87 is 30.00%, what is the average atomic mass of rubidium?

A

85.60 amu

41
Q

Nickel-58 (atomic number 28) has how many neutrons?

A

30

42
Q

Sulfur-36 (atomic number 16) contains how many neutrons?

A

20

43
Q

Neon-20 contains 10 neutrons. It also contains ___ protons.

A

10

44
Q

Look at the diagram. It is a Bohr model of what element?

A

Sodium

45
Q

Look at the diagram. It is a Bohr model of what element?

A

Boron

46
Q

Which subatomic particle has the least mass?

A

electron

Chemistry (11 decks)

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