Midterm Exam Flashcards by Brenda Durrill

What is 3,456 km expressed in scientific notation?

3.456 x 10³ km

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How many significant figures are there in the measurement 0.000000345

three, don’t count leading zeros

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What is the quantity 34.5 milligrams expressed in grams?

0.0345 g (move decimal 3 to left)

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What is the purpose of using significant figures in the science lab?

to determine the precision of measurement

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What is the easiest instrument to use to measure volume?

graduated cylinder

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What is the quantity 340 meters expressed in kilometers?

0.34 km

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What are important safety rules to follow when working with open flames?

Do not leave lighted burner unattended, tie back hair, avoid wearing loose clothing

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Perform the following calculation to the correct number of significant figures. 2.00 cm x 0.0040 cm =

.0080 cm² (give answer in 2 sig figs, because least precise number had 2 sig figs)

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What is an important safety rule to follow when working with an acid?

wear safety goggles

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If an acid is spilled on your skin, you should tell the teacher and ___.

rinse thoroughly with water

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Known mass is 4.40 g. Data was 2.20,2.21,2.20,2.21,2.20. The data reflects -

Low accuracy and high precision.

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What type of change is tearing a piece of paper?

Physical change

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What type of change is rusting?

Chemical change

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What type of mixture is soil?

heterogeneous

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What type of mixture is Kool-Aid?

homogeneous

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What type of mixture is salt water?

homogeneous

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What type of mixture is Gatorade?

homogeneous

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What type of mixture is tossed salad?

heterogenous

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What type of change is explosion?

chemical

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What type of change is corrosion?

chemical

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What type of change is food spoilage?

chemical

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What type of change is boiling?

physical

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What type of change is sublimation (solid to gas)?

physical

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What type of change is dissolving in water?

physical

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What type of mixture is raisin bread?

heterogenous

What type of mixture is sand and water?

heterogenous

What are some evidences that a chemical change has occurred?

Change in color, production of a gas, change in smell, change in temperature, a solid forms (precipitate)

When a change in state,(like liquid to gas or solid to liquid), occurs, is this evidence of a chemical change?

What mass of sodium chloride would be produced if 10 grams of sodium reacted completely with 20 grams of chlorine?

10 + 20 = 30 grams, due to Law of Conservation of Mass

What is each vertical column of the elements in the periodic table called?

group

What is each horizontal column of the elements in the periodic table called?

period

What state of matter has a definite volume and takes the shape of its container?

liquid

What state of matter has a definite volume and shape?

solid

What state of matter has no definite volume and no definite shape?

gas

What is the term describing the process of a gas changing to a solid?

deposition

What is the term describing the process of a solid changing to a gas?

sublimation

The phase change from gas to liquid is called

condensation

The phase change from solid to liquid is called

melting

Where are the noble gases located?

Group 18

Where are the transition metals located?

Groups 3-12

Alkali metals are located in what group?

Group 1

Alkaline earth metals are located in group?

Group 2

How many neutrons are in Hydrogen-3

2 (Mass number 3 - Atomic number 1)

How many protons, electrons and neutrons does an atom with atomic number 6 and mass number 14 contain?

protons - 6 (atomic # is # of protons) electrons - 6 (protons = electrons in neutral atom) neutrons - 8 (mass # 14 - atomic # 6 = 8 )

What does the number 12 in carbon-12 represent?

the mass number

What is the average atomic mass of the ¹⁴C at 1% and ¹²C at 99%?

12.02 amu

Isotopes of elements have different \_\_\_

masses due to the different number of neutrons

How many electrons are present in the 3d sublevel of an atom of copper?

What element has the electron configuration of 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p³?

Phosphorus

What is true of the electron configuration of the noble gases?

They have a full outer level.

How many valence electrons are there in an atom of Nitrogen?

5 valence electrons

How many electrons does nitrogen have to gain in order to become stable?

3 electrons

What is the charge of a particle having 5 protons and 6 electrons?

-1

Ions form when atoms gain or lose \_\_\_

electrons

What is the charge on an ion from the halogen group?

-1

When Group 2 elements form ions, they

lose 2 electrons

The "s" orbital can hold how many electrons?

The "d" block elements can also be called

transition metals

Which of the following elements (Fr, Cs, Rb) have the smallest atomic radius?

Which of the following elements (F, O, N) has the largest ionization energy?

Which of the following elements (O, N, C ) has the largest electronegativity?

Anions are, bigger or smaller ,than the neutral atom?

bigger

Cations are, bigger or smaller, than the neutral atom?

smaller

Which types of elements can be joined by a covalent bond?

nonmetal with nonmetal

Which types of elements can be joined by an ionic bond?

metal with nonmetal

Electrons are shared in which type of bond?

covalent

Electrons are transferred (given or taken) in which type of bond?

ionic

Which molecule (CCl₄, BaI₂, N₂O₄ )has a tetrahedral shape?

CCl₄ , 4 atoms around a central atom

Which formulas (NaCl, CS₂, N₂O₄)represent an ionic compound?

NaCl, metal + nonmetal

Which element (C, O, K) when combined with Cl would form on ionic compound?

K, metal with nonmetal

What is the correct formula when Mg and Br bond?

Ionic: Mg²⁺ and Br⁻ make MgBr₂

What is the correct formula of gallium oxalate?

Ionic: Ga³⁺ and C₂O₄²⁻ make Ga₂(Cr₂O₄)₃

What is the usual charge on an ion from Group 5?

-3

What shape does a water molecule have?

bent

What shape does NH₃ have?

trigonal pyramidal

What shape does CO₂ have?

linear

Which family needs to gain one electron?

Halogens

What is the correct chemical formula for nitrogen dioxide?

Covalent: NO₂

What is the correct chemical formula for calcium phosphide?

Ionic: Ca²⁺ and P³⁻ make Ca₃P₂

What is the correct name for C₂O₄?

Covalent: Dicarbon tetraoxide

In the compound iron (II) oxide, what does the Roman numeral represent?

the charge of the iron atom

What compound forms from the combination of strontium and oxygen?

Ionic: Sr²⁺ and O²⁻ make SrO

The symbol for the hydroxide ion is

OH⁻

What is the correct formula for magnesium hydroxide?

Ionic: Mg²⁺ and OH⁻ make Mg(OH)₂

What is the name for CaBr₂

Ionic: Calcium bromide

What is the name of KBr?

Ionic: Potassium bromide

What is the name for Ca(NO₂)₂ ?

Ionic: Ca²⁺ and NO₂⁻ make calcium nitrite

When naming covalent compounds ___ are used to indicate the number of atoms of each element.

prefixes

What is the correct name for OF₆?

Covalent: Oxygen hexafluoride

Midterm Exam Flashcards

(89 cards)