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Social Studies 9 > Unit 2&3: Government and Justice System > Flashcards

Unit 2&3: Government and Justice System Flashcards

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1
Q

A nation or community in which the supreme power is invested in a single person known as the monarch.

A

Monarchy

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2
Q

An organization formed for the purpose of gaining political power.

A

Political Party

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3
Q

Representative elected by constituents of a riding to the House of Commons.

A

Member of Parliament

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4
Q

The executive group of MP’s selected by the Prime Minister in order to lead specific responsibilities and act as official advisers. (i.e. Minister of Environment, Health, Foreign Affairs, etc.)

A

Cabinet Member

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5
Q
  • 105 members
  • appointed (selected) by the Governor General on the advice of the Prime Minister.
  • provide a “sober second thought” to the House of Commons.
  • can remain in position until 75
  • represents regions (Western Provinces: 24; Ontario: 24; Quebec: 24; Maritimes: 24; Newfoundland/Labrador: 6; Territories: 3)
A

Senate

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6
Q

A geographical area containing approximately 100,000 people that is represented in the House of Commons by a Member of Parliament . Canada is divided into 308 _____. Each _______ votes for an MP who can then become Prime Minister. Voters do not vote for the Prime Minister.

A

Riding/Electoral District

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7
Q

An interest group or individual hired to influence political decisions and advocate a certain cause.

A

Lobby Group/Lobbyists

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8
Q

The means of communication such as radio, television, newspapers and magazines that reach or influence people widely.

A

Media

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9
Q

The representative of the King/Queen of Canada. He/she is selected by the Prime Minister and appointed by the monarch for 5 years and is mainly ceremonial but extremely powerful.

A

Governor General

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10
Q

A form of government in which a monarch acts as head of state within the parameters of the constitution.

A

Constitutional Monarchy

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11
Q

This refers to the head of state, king or queen of Canada (currently Queen Elizabeth II).

A

Sovereign

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12
Q

A statistic that characterizes human population (i.e. age, sex, income, religion, education, status, etc.)

A

Demographic

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13
Q

A way of representing different political positions by placing them upon one or more axes each symbolizing independent political dimensions.

A

Political Spectrum

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14
Q

The political party, led by Stephen Harper, that currently forms the Government of Canada.

A

Conservative

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15
Q

Partiality of favouritism in a person or issue

A

Bias

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16
Q

What are the three branches of Canada’s system of Government?

A
  • Judicial
  • Executive
  • Legislative
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17
Q

Compare and contrast the Senate and the House of Commons.

A

Both of these are houses in the gov’t that perform the task of reading and approving laws. The House of Commons is the first reading followed by the Senate’s “sober second thought”. MP’s, elected for each riding, sit in the HofC whereas the Senators are appointed and hold the seat until age 75. Bills have to pass through both houses and be approved by the Governor General to become laws.

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18
Q

How is a law made?

A

There is an extensive process dedicated to creating laws. It can take upwards of 6 months to a year. Firstly, a cabinet member sees a problem and suggests a bill. Then the bill is sent to the HofC where there are 3 readings of the bill. If approved, the bill then travels to the Senate where it must also be read 3 times and approved. If that happens then Governor General gives “royal assent” (his/her signature) on the bill for it to become a law.

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19
Q

The total percent of votes that a party receives all across Canada.

A

Popular vote

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20
Q

A race between candidates for elective office.

A

campaign

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21
Q

A legislative assembly in certain countries.

A

Parliament

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22
Q

What does “triple E” stand for and what does it mean?

A

Triple E stands for elected, equal, and effective. It is talking about Senate reform.
Elected: If senators are elected they will represent us and not just work for the Prime Minister.
Equal: Every province should have equal representation by population.
Effective: They need a job that serves a purpose other than to babysit the House of Commons.

23
Q

The highest body within the jurisdiction’s court system.

A

The Supreme Court

24
Q

A stature in draft form before it becomes law.

A

Bill

25
Q

The symbolic final stage of the legislative process by which a bill becomes law.

A

Royal Assent

26
Q

A citizen who is represented in government by officials for whom he or she votes for.

A

Constituents

27
Q

The person who holds the position as the head of government (apart from the monarch or Governor General).

A

Prime Minister

28
Q

A motion in the House of Commons, meaning the House has lost the confidence of the government. An election must be drawn, or the PM must resign.

A

Vote of Non-confidence

29
Q

The governing party holds more than 50% of the seats in the legislature.

A

Majority government

30
Q

The political party with the 2nd highest number of seats in the legislature.

A

Official Opposition

31
Q

The party with the most seats in legislature, but that does not have the majority of the seats (they have 50% or less).

A

Minority Government

32
Q

A branch of government containing the Prime Minister and his Cabinet.

A

Executive Branch

33
Q

A branch of government containing the House of Commons and the Senate (responsible for making laws).

A

Legislative Branch

34
Q

A branch of government that interprets the laws (includes provincial and Supreme Court). It is separate from both the executive and legislative branches to eliminate political bias.

A

Judicial Branch

35
Q

Changes in the Senate based around the “triple E” platform.

A

Senate Reform

36
Q

A method by which seats are added to the House of Commons in such a way as to vary with the population. (I.e. The higher the population of a province, the more seats will be allocated).

A

Representation by population

37
Q

A collection of rules imposed by authority.

A

law

38
Q

A document that grants the government its powers and responsibilities. A fundamental or highest law. The Charter of Rights and Freedoms is a part of this.

A

Constitution

39
Q

The act of governing.

A

governance

40
Q
  • Where the elected MPs vote on bills to become law.

- 338 seats

A

House of Commons

41
Q

An appointed representative who makes decisions about important issues in the Senate.

A

Senator

42
Q

_________ does not mean equal. _________ practice means that individuals are given the treatment suited to them.

A

Equitable

43
Q

Who is Canada’s Head of State?

A

The Head of the Monarch in Britain. Currently Queen Elizabeth II. Someday it might be King Charles.

44
Q

Who appoints senators and Supreme Courts judges?

A

The Governor General, on the advice from the Prime Minister

45
Q

How often do we have an election in Canada?

A

At least once every 5 years or when there is a vote of non-confidence

46
Q

To make better (in terms of youth justice, this means not only to punish the youth, but to help them not reoffend).

A

Rehabilitate

47
Q

The system for delivery of consequences and for enforcement of the laws.

A

Justice System

48
Q

A possible consequence for youth crime. Seen as more meaningful than jail.

A

community service

49
Q

A public document of your crimes. For youth, they are usually destroyed at the age of 18.

A

criminal record

50
Q

The act outlining how youth criminals are dealt with.

A

Youth Criminal Justice Act (2002)

51
Q

The act outlining how adult criminals are dealt with.

A

Criminal Code of Canada

52
Q

a punishment for a crime

A

sentence

53
Q

A youth aged 12-17 who commits a crime

A

Young offender

54
Q

serving on a jury for a criminal trial

A

jury duty

Social Studies 9 (5 decks)

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