Unit 2/3 Flashcards
What is fundamental justice
A legal principle that refers to the basic rights and fairness guaranteed under the law, particularly in criminal law. It ensures that individuals are treated fairly and with respect. With procedural fairness in trials and proper access to legal processes
What is criminal law
A body of law that relates to crimes and their punishment. Criminal law defines conduct that is considered harmful to society and prescribes penalties for those who engage in such conduct
What is criminal code of conduct
This refers to a written set of laws or rules that define what is considered a crime and the corresponding penalties
What is civil law
a branch of law that deals with disputes between individuals or organizations, often involving private rights and obligations. Civil law includes cases such as contracts, property disputes, family law, and personal injury claims. Unlike criminal law which involves the state prosecuting wrongdoers, civil law typically involves one party seeking compensation or remedies from another
What is a defendant
The defendant is the person or party who is accused or sued, the person who is charged with a crime.
What is a defense attorney
a lawyer who represents the defendant in a criminal or civil case, advocating on their behalf. In criminal cases the defense attorney’s role is to defend the accused against charges, ensuring their rights are protected and challenging the prosecution’s evidence
What is reasonable doubt
The standard of proof required in criminal cases. The prosecution must prove the defendant’s guilt “beyond a reasonable doubt”. If there is any reasonable uncertainty about the defendant’s guilt, the jury or judge is required to acquit the defendant. It is a fundamental principle of criminal justice that protects individuals from being wrongly convicted
What is a lawsuit
a legal action taken by one party (plaintiff) against another (defendant), typically in a civil court to resolve a dispute. The lawsuit usually involves the plaintiff seeking compensation, enforcement of a right or a court order to stop certain actions
What is a plaintiff
the person or party who brings a lawsuit in a civil case, alleging harm or seeking a legal remedy. The plaintiff is the one who initiates the legal action by filing a complaint or claim against the defendant
What is an active citizen
Someone who actively participates in their community and society, taking responsibility for contributing to its improvement. This participation can include voting, staying informed about public issues, engaging in social or community service, advocating for positive change, or holding public officials accountable
What is a democracy
A system of government where power is vested in the people, either directly or through elected representatives. In a democracy, citizens have the right to participate in political decision making, usually through voting in free and fair elections
What is equality
The state of being treated the same as others, where everyone has equal rights, opportunities, and access to resources. It emphasizes fairness and the idea that all individuals should have the same chance to success regardless of race, gender sexual orientation, religion, or anything else
What is justice
The concept of fairness and moral rightness, where individuals are treated equitably and the laws are applied impartially. It encompasses legal, social, and distributive justice, ensuring that people’s rights are protected and that wrongdoers are held accountable for their actions. Justice can be thought of as a pursuit of truth, fairness, and equity in society
What is global citizenship
The recognition of being part of a broader global community, beyond national or local identities. It involves understanding and respecting different cultures. Advocating
