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HIS211: Unit 2 > Unit 2: 1st to 8th Century, 2.1, 2.2, 2.4,2.5 > Flashcards

Unit 2: 1st to 8th Century, 2.1, 2.2, 2.4,2.5 Flashcards

1
Q

Herod the Great

A

(r.47-44):Roman Jewish King, colossal building projects throughout Judea

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2
Q

Herod Antipas

A

(r.40-49) . Ruler over Galilee, built a great fortress, led to the executions of John the Baptist and Jesus of Nazareth,

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3
Q

Augustus

A

New world ruler, served as emperor, seen as one of the gods. betrayed cicero

42

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4
Q

Pax Romana (“Roman Peace”)

A

200-year-long timespan of peace in Rome and increase and sustained Roman Imperialism. Started with accession of Augustus (27 BC) ended with death of Marcus Aurelius (180 AD)

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5
Q

Imperial Military Aristocracy

A

Soldier State,

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6
Q

Pontius Pilate

A

26 AD, Appointed by Sejamus, Funded the aqueduct, Sacrilegious killing of Galileans, Provincial Governor of Judea. Controversial with jewish population concerning idolatries.

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7
Q

Caiaphas

A

Jewish High Priest and Ruler, organizer of the plot to kill Jesus. Presided of Sanhedrin Trial of Jesus

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8
Q

Sadducees

A

This group active second temple period (2nd century BCE to 1st century CE) Jewish Sect that adhered strictly to the Torah, Made up of Jewish high priests and aristocrats, Harnessed the power of the mob
`

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9
Q

Phrasisees

A

This group This group active second temple period (2nd century BCE to 1st century CE) conflicted with a Sadducees, More common people were members,

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10
Q

Messiah

A

Born 5 B.C., Ministered 30-33 Shepherd, King, Christ, Miracle of the 10 leapers, Son of God

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11
Q

Paul of Tours

A

In 50 he was Imprisoned in Philippi, spread teachings of Jesus, Apostle

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12
Q

Great Fire of Rome

A

(64) Emperor Nero blames Christian community for this event, He was also blamed. Christian were made illegal by Nero, first persecution of the Christian community

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13
Q

Five Pillars of Islam

A
  1. One God, God is one, Muhammed is the prophet,
  2. Ritual Fasting
  3. Pilgrimage to Mecca
  4. Almsgiving
  5. Prayer 5 times death.
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14
Q

Mecca

A

East of the red sea, western shore
Place of Polytheistic worship
Place where Muhammed started preaching
Where the Kaaba is

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15
Q

Medina

A

622-Place where Muhammed escaped to
Place were first mosque was made
Where followers of Muhammed went
Launched Pilgrimage of Mecca there
North of Mecca

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16
Q

Umma

A

Community of muslims

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17
Q

Rashindun Caliphate

A

632-661:Leader after Muhammed Death 632
Under rule lead attack Empire
Expansive Military power.

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18
Q

Sunnis

A

Partisan of Abu Bakr, Father of Muhammed’s favorite wife
Believed in political leadership
favored umma
More popular form of muslims

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19
Q

Shia

A

partisan of Ali, cousin and son in law of Muhammed
Believed in direct decent of Muhammed for leadership of muslim people

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20
Q

Umayyad Caliphate

A

661-750
Capital in Damascus
Arab Military Aristocracy
Conquering of North Africa, Carthage, Northwest India, Invasion of Spain

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21
Q

Dome of the Rock

A

Dedicated to where Muhammed ascended into heaven, (and Ishmael sacrifice).
Used Christian and Roman style in Architecture
In jerusalem

22
Q

Great Mosque of Damascus

A

Prayer hall in Muslim Capital
Used Roman style but no depiction of animals or humans
Built by Ummayyads

715

23
Q

Al Andalus

A

750
Under Umayyad Leadership
Independent Sunni Emirate
Muslim Ruled territory in Spain
Battle of Guadelete

24
Q

2.4

Petrine Doctrine

A

belief that Saint Peter was given special authority by Christ that has since passed on to each Pope

25
Q

Four Latin Doctors

A
  • Augstine
  • Jerome
  • Gregory I
  • Ambrose
26
Q

Augustine

A
  • Mother Christian, Father Pagan
  • Exposed to Roman And Christian World
  • Rhetoric and Grammar Teacher
  • Excellent Latin
  • One of four Latin Doctors
    *
27
Q

Gregory I

A
  • Important pope
  • Wrote Hymns
  • Evangelizest and Theologian
  • Court of the Byzatine Empire

560-604

28
Q

Jerome

A
  • Augustine student
  • Wrote Latine Vulgate
29
Q

Pelagianism

A
  • Founded in the council of Ephesus
  • the original sin did not taint human nature and that humans by divine grace have free will to achieve human perfection.
  • Founded by Pelgius
30
Q

Ecumenical Council

A

meeting of bishops and other church authorities to consider and rule on questions of Christian doctrine, administration, discipline, and other matters.

31
Q

Simon Stylites

A
  • Man who sat on poles
  • This way he can become better Christian
  • One of the Atheletes of God

388 449

32
Q

Radegund

A
  • Father killed by Uncle
  • Became Queen in 540 Married Despicable king
  • Deeply Religious
  • Founded an Abbey, safe place for women
  • Town in North Franc, Thurgia
33
Q

Nika Revolt

A
  • Under emperor Byzatine Justinian and Theodora
  • Blue and Green factions hid murders, ask for pardons
  • Pardons not granted by Justinian
  • Citizens revolted at chariat race, town in uproar
  • Justinian and offcials debate escaping
  • Theodora convicnces him stay and suppress revolt
    *

537

34
Q

Justinian Code

A
  • codification of Roman Laws
  • All laws in exists in one place, Model of laws
35
Q

Digest

A
  • codification of Roman Laws
  • Summary of all Legal thought
  • used by advanced law students
36
Q

The Institutes

A
  • codification of Roman Laws
    *Used by new students
37
Q

2.4

Caesarpapism

A
  • picture of Byzatine emperors and empress with Chritian messages
  • Combining government power with Relgious power
  • Christ> Emperor>Church and State
38
Q

2.1

Antonine/ Adoptive Emperors

A

27B.C. to 235 A.D. In the golden age of Rome. Trajan comlumn, sophistication, #1 Roman, #2 Christ, #3 mix. period time with 5 good emperors.
Under roman law an adoption established a bond legally as strong as that of kinship
Series of emperors with out a male heir, adopted a candidate

39
Q

Trajan’s Persecution

A

Persecution of Christians, Empire wide limiting.
Worst persecution of Chritians

40
Q

Third Century Crisis

A

Fracturing of the Empire, End of the Pax romana, Military defeats, Emperor disputes, Non-Stable Dynasty. Persecution of Christians, Sporadic and wide spread: Decian Persecution and Valerian Persecution. fall of emperor

235-284

41
Q

Tetrachy

A
  • Rule of four emperors after Diocletian split empire into four districts
  • Two head emperors two junior emperors
  • Aim was to ease the effects of the crisis in the third century
  • After series of civil wars, Constantine ended the sole ruler.

284-395

42
Q

Diocletian/Great Persecution

A
  • Most severe persecution of Christians
  • Happened under the Tetrachy
    *Began with edicts resticting legal rights of Christians
  • Chuches Destroyed, Christians Sacrificed
  • Ended with Constantine

284-395

43
Q

Constantine

A
  • Christian Emperor
  • Defeated all rival emperors
  • by 324, soli in charge of Roman empire

r. 306-307

44
Q

Edict of Milan/Nicomedia

A
  • Christianity shall not be persecuted
  • Dominance of Christianity
  • Appearance of Churches
  • Legal status of Christians

Under Constantine rule 306-337

45
Q

2.2, 2.4

Council of Nicea

A
  • First of the Ecumenical Councils
  • Established first Christian Doctrine, Nicene Creed
  • Establish Hiercahy of Church Leadership
  • Who jesus is

325

46
Q

Arianism

A

Ideology that Christ is not fully God, but is still son of God

47
Q

Edict of Thessolonia

A
  • Edict by Theodosius I
  • Punishment of Pagans
  • condemned other Christian creeds such as Arianism as heresies of “foolish madmen,” and authorized their punishment.

380

48
Q

2.4, 2.2

Ambrose

A
  • Bishop of milan
  • Disagreed with Emperor Theodosius on killing of pagans
  • Needs to make peace
  • One of four latin doctor

served 374-397

49
Q

Marcus Aurielius

A
  • Last of the five good emperors, end of pax romana
  • Philospher King, Stoic Philosopher

r. 161-180

50
Q

2.3

A

HIS211: Unit 2 (3 decks)

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