Unit 2 Flashcards
Loyalties
A commitment to a belief, cause, nation, or person, shown outwardly or inwardly.
Nationalist Loyalties
Loyalty tied to a nation, including race, ethnicity, and country.
Non-Nationalist Loyalties
Loyalty based on family, friends, culture, or region rather than a nation.
Loyalties and Choices
Loyalty can simplify or complicate decisions, especially when conflicting with personal interests.
Loyalties and Patriotism
Patriotism is a form of loyalty, expressed through actions like parades or military service.
Contending Loyalties and Choices
Conflicting loyalties can make decision-making difficult.
First Nations Loyalties and Self-Determination
The restructuring of the National Indian Brotherhood into the Assembly of First Nations in 1982 affirmed loyalty to self-governance, not independence.
Assembly of First Nations
Advocates for First Nations’ self-determination, economic rights, and nation-to-nation relations with Canada. Cindy Woodhouse is the current National Chief.
Métis Loyalties and Self-Determination
The formation of the Métis National Council in 1983 affirmed the Métis’ distinct identity and rights.
Inuit Loyalties and Self-Determination
Restoring traditional Inuit names and creating Nunavut reinforced Inuit cultural identity and self-governance.
Nunavut
Created under the Nunavut Land Claims Agreement, allowing Inuit governance, cultural education, and economic development.
Métis Nation of Alberta Association
Advocates for Métis rights in Alberta, securing land rights and self-governance since 1928.
Cultural Pluralism
Supports the promotion of diverse cultural identities in Canada but raises debates on minority rights.
Reasonable Accommodation
Requires Canadian institutions to adapt to religious and cultural minorities without infringing on others’ rights.
Charter of Quebec Values (Bill 60)
A failed 2014 bill that sought to ban public employees from wearing religious symbols.
Quebec’s Secularism Bill (Bill 21)
Restricts religious symbols in public education, government, and law enforcement, emphasizing state secularism.
Bill 96
Quebec law reinforcing French as the province’s official language, limiting English in education, courts, and government services.
Nationalist Loyalties in Conflict
Different nationalist groups may have opposing goals, leading to tensions.
Newfoundland (July 1st, 1916)
Commemoration of the Battle of Beaumont-Hamel conflicts with Canada Day celebrations.
Quebec’s Referendum (1995)
A close vote (50.58% vs. 49.42%) on Quebec’s independence, ultimately remaining part of Canada.
Indigenous in Quebec
First Nations oppose Quebec sovereignty, some stating they would secede from Quebec if it left Canada.
Reconciling Nationalist Loyalties
Political struggles or war may result when loyalties are not reconciled.
Oka Crisis (1990)
Mohawk protests over land claims in Quebec led to violence and military intervention.
Indigenous Rights in Canada
The Charter of Rights and Freedoms protects Indigenous rights, shifting away from assimilation policies.
