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Civics and Law > Unit 2 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Extradition

A

returning a fugitive to where they committed a crime to face trial

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2
Q

Slander

A

purposely telling lies with the intent to harm one’s reputation

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3
Q

Due Process

A

TRIAL BY JURY, doing something fair, Magna Carta, fair chance for trial, no self incrimination, big in Amendment 5
Double jeopardy- you can’t be charged twice for the same crime
Eminent domain- taking private property for public use

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4
Q

Warrant

A

a document issued by a legal or government official authorizing the police or some other body to make an arrest, search premises, or carry out some other action relating to the administration of justice

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5
Q

Representative Government

A

the government is elected by citizens

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6
Q

Supremacy Clause

A

In Article 6, Federal law takes precedence over any conflicting state law

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7
Q

Elastic Clause

A

AKA Necessary and Proper Clause
“stretches” Congress’ power to do what is necessary (ex. taxes, IRS)
I 8:18 Donuts

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8
Q

Full Faith and Credit Clause

A

each state must honor and validate other states laws, court decisions and public records
Exceptions: Hunting/fishing licenses, college tuition

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9
Q

Popular Sovereignty

A

the people rule

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10
Q

Federalism

A

power is (shared/divided) at different levels with top level having more power (strong central government)

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11
Q

Checks and Balances

A

each Branch checks/limits the other branches

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12
Q

Judicial Review

A

deciding if something is unconstitutional
Ex. Marbury vs Madison

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13
Q

Northwest Ordinance

A

chartered a government for Northwest Territory, provided a new method for admitting new states to the Union

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14
Q

Why is Judicial Review an important part of the Checks and Balance system? What court case established Judicial Review?

A

It ensures each branch of government recognizes the limits of its own power.
Ex. Marbury vs Madison

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15
Q

Marbury v Madison

A

With his decision in Marbury v. Madison, Chief Justice John Marshall established the principle of judicial review, an important addition to the system of “checks and balances” created to prevent any one branch of the Federal Government from becoming too powerful

the U.S. Supreme Court first declared an act of Congress unconstitutional, thus establishing the doctrine of judicial review

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16
Q

Compare and Contrast Federalists and Anti Federalists

A

Federalists supported the Constitution and a strong central government while the Anti Federalists did not.

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17
Q

Compare and Contrast Federalists and Anti Federalists

A

Federalists supported the ratification of the Constitution in 1787-1788 and believed in a strong central government. Anti Federalists did not support the Constitution nor wanted a strong central government

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18
Q

What is the introduction to the United States Constitution called? List the six fundamentals listed in the introduction

A

The preamble
Popular sovereignty, limited government, separation of power, checks and balances, judicial review, federalism

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19
Q

What is the first fundamental part of the preamble?

A

Popular sovereignty

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20
Q

What is the second fundamental part of the preamble?

A

Limited government

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21
Q

What is the third fundamental part of the preamble?

A

Separation of power

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22
Q

What is the fourth fundamental part of the preamble?

A

Checks and balances

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23
Q

What is the fifth fundamental part of the preamble?

A

Judicial Review

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24
Q

What is the sixth fundamental part of the preamble?

A

Federalism

25
Q

Popular sovereignty

A

people rule

26
Q

Limited government

A

multiple ways to limit the government

27
Q

Separation of power

A

3 branches: legislative, executive, judicial

28
Q

Checks and balances

A

each Branch checks/limits other branches

29
Q

Judicial review

A

decides if something is unconstitutional

30
Q

How do constitutional amendments become ratified?

A

three-fourths of the State legislatures, or three-fourths of conventions called in each State for ratification

31
Q

Expressed powers

A

the powers delegated to the National Government AKA enumerated powers. CLEARLY STATED

32
Q

Implied powers

A

powers that are not expressly stated, but reasonably suggested by the expressed powers. NOT CLEARLY STATED.

33
Q

Reserved powers

A

powers that the constitution does not grant to the National Government but does not deny to the States.
States only- schools, elections, licensing, 10th amendment

34
Q

Exclusive powers

A

powers that can be exercised only by the National Government and not by any State under any circumstances
Federal government only- military, money, citizenship

35
Q

Concurrent powers

A

both national and state can posses and exercise- make laws/collect taxes

36
Q

Article #1

A

legislative branch.
Two parts (bicameral): senate (100, equal) and house of representatives (435, population)

37
Q

Elastic clause

A

stretches congress’ power
I 8:18

38
Q

Article #2

A

Executive branch. President, V.P and Cabinet

39
Q

Article #3

A

Judicial Branch: court system

40
Q

Article #4

A

state relations

41
Q

Full Faith and Credit

A

Found in article 4
states must honor other states’ laws
EXCEPT hunting/fishing licenses and college tuition

42
Q

Article #5

A

three-fourths of the State legislatures, or three-fourths of conventions called in each State for ratification

43
Q

Article #6

A

supremacy, debt ,oath (6SS)
Supremacy clause= the Constitution and federal laws take priority over any conflicting rules of state law

44
Q

Article #7

A

anything over $20, you can request a trial by jury
Ratification

45
Q

1st Amendment

A

Freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly and petition. Cannot put anyone in danger. No slander/libel (written)

46
Q

2nd Amendment

A

the right to bear arms, must be a certain age, quantity limits in some states

47
Q

4th Amendment

A

requires search warrant to search and seize private property

48
Q

26th Amendment

A

voting age for citizens: 18 years old, original age was 21

49
Q

26th Amendment

A

voting age for citizens: 18 years old, original age was 21

50
Q

18th Amendment

A

prohibited the making, transporting, consumption and selling of alcoholic beverages

51
Q

21st Amendment

A

repealed the 18th amendment, ending prohibition and allowing sale of alcohol

52
Q

What are the Civil War Amendments?

A

13, 14, 15

53
Q

5th Amendment

A

Right to remain silent

Means being fair, no self incrimination
Due process= trial by jury
Double jeopardy= you can’t be charged twice for the same crime
Eminent domain= private property for public use

54
Q

8th Amendment

A

No excessive punishment, bails, penalties, fines

55
Q

10th Amendment

A

the Federal Government only has those powers delegated in the Constitution

56
Q

13th Amendment

A

abolished slavery

57
Q

14th Amendment

A

anyone born in the US is automatically a citizen, provided citizenship to forever slaves, equal protection of law as a citizen

58
Q

15th Amendment

A

all men can vote regardless of race- including slaves

Civics and Law (2 decks)

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