Unit 2

Question 1

Bryophytes

Answer 1

non vascular plants

Question 2

vascular plants

Answer 2

have a specialized system of transportation, use bulk flow

Question 3

Roots of the word “bryophyte”

Answer 3

bryo=moss, phyte=plant

Question 4

Plants that are considered bryophytes

Answer 4

liverworts, mosses, hornworts

Question 5

4 main subgroups of vascular plants

Answer 5

lycophytes, ferns & horsetails, gymnosperms, angiosperms

Question 6

Lycophyte

Answer 6

lyco-wolf, “club mosses” (not true mosses), , no seeds (use spores)

Question 7

Ferns & Horsetails

Answer 7

different groups but lumped together, reproduce the same way, no seeds

Question 8

Gymnosperms

Answer 8

sperm=seed, gymno=naked, seeds don’t have cover (needles/cones)

Question 9

Angiosperms

Answer 9

angio=vessel/container, vessel is the ovary of the plant

Question 10

Roots

Answer 10

water and nutrient absorption, stabilization, as much biomass below ground as there is above

Question 11

Shoots

Answer 11

stems, leaves, reproductive organs (flowers/cones)

Question 12

Homeostasis

Answer 12

Keeping the right amount of CO2, water, oxygen etc. within the plant

Question 13

Transpiration

Answer 13

loss of water through leaves through evaporation

Question 14

Abscisic acid

Answer 14

hormone that helps plants adapt to unfavorable conditions and regulate their growth and development

Question 15

Crassulacean Acid Metabolism

Answer 15

CAM photosynthesis

Question 16

Calvin Cycle

Answer 16

sometimes referred to as C4 photosynthesis

Question 17

Two kinds of angiosperms

Answer 17

Monocots and Dicots (-cot stands for cotyledon, cotyledon is a seed leaf)

Question 18

Monocot

Answer 18

1/4 of all angiosperms, when the seed germinates, the monocot sends out one leaf, tend to have parallel leaves

Question 19

Dicots

Answer 19

3/4 of all angiosperms, branching veins, when the seed germinates, the dicot sends out two leaves

Question 20

Parenchyma cells

Answer 20

pith (add more to this definition)

Question 21

Vascular bundles

Answer 21

contain xylem and phloem

Question 22

Xylem

Answer 22

moves water and nutrients, goes from roots to shoots (called xylem sap)

Question 23

Phloem

Answer 23

moves sugars and carbohydrates (phloem sap)

Question 24

Sclerenchyma cells

Answer 24

cap on top of xylem and phloem

Question 25

Monocot stem

Answer 25

Vascular bundles found all throughout, vascular bundles are called atactostele and only line the outside

Question 26

Primary cell wall in xylem is made of

Answer 26

cellulose

Question 27

Secondary cell wall of xylem

Answer 27

makes lignin

Question 27

Lignin

Answer 27

has little holes called pits which let water in and out but not air

Question 27

Tracheids

Answer 27

long tapered cells that support the plant and serve as a vessel for the transportation of water and nutrients

Question 28

Vessel elements

Answer 28

all stack on top of each other making a long straw which we would call a vessel

Question 28

Cavitation

Answer 28

occurs when gases get inside the xylem vessel and breaks connection of water molecule chain

Question 29

Two ways cavitation can occur

Answer 29

too strong of a sucking force will suck air into the pits (more likely to happen to a vessel), freezing; when water freezes, it loses solubility and forms little air bubbles, when thawed little air bubbles become one big bubble