UNIT 2 Flashcards
is an archaic term used in the Philippines beginning in when
it was Spain to describe and classify a person of mixed Chinese and
Filipino ancestry (the latter were referred to as Indio.
Sangley
also known in some regions as First peoples, First Nations, Aboriginal peoples or Native peoples or autochthonous peoples, are ethnic groups who are the original or earliest known inhabitants of an
area, in contrast to groups that have settled, occupied or colonized the area more recently.
Indigenous
- the subjection of someone or something to contemptuous
and dismissive language or behavior.
Ridicule
communication by exchanging letters with someone.
Correspondence
- prolonged cruel or unjust treatment or control
Oppression
a person or group of people who are charged with or on trial
for a crime
Accused
developed during the Spanish
colonial regime when Chinese immigrants married native peoples
Chinese Mestizo or Mestizo de Sangley
one of the largest “Chinatowns” in the world.
Binondo
Today they are known as_______ (half Filipino, half Chinese “tsino”)
Tsinoy
From the beginning of the Spanish colonial period until 1740, the
inhabitants of the Philippines were classified into three:
Spaniards, Indios,
and Chinese.
It was only in 1741 that their legal status was officially established when the whole population of the Philippines was reclassified into four according to tax payment or tribute. These classes are the;
(1) Spaniards and Spanish mestizos, (2) Indios, (3)
Chinese, and (4) Chinese mestizos.
___________ were not
required to pay tribute to tax, whereas the three other classes were required
to pay taxes depending on their income
Spaniards and Spanish mestizos
there were almost 500,000 Chinese mestizos in the Philippines with
46,000 living in Manila.
end of the 19th
century
A Chinese mestizo then was
Any person born of a Chinese father and indio mother;
A spanish mestiza who married a chinese mestizo; or
A child of a Spanish mestiza and a Chinese mestizo
He is a fifth generation Chinese mestizo. However, he and his father
were considered as Indios.
Rizal
a lineal or collateral relative in the ascending line.
Ascendant
to show or display outwardly especially by visible signs or
actions.
Exhibited
to carry out fully: put completely into effect.
Executed
one whose occupation is surveying land.
Surveyor
considered one of the biggest families during their time.
Rizals
the Rizal family’s paternal ascendant was a
Domingo Lam-co, full-blooded Chinese
Domingo Lam-co, the family’s paternal ascendant was a full-blooded Chinese
who came to the Philippines from
Amoy, China
The Rizals is considered one of the biggest families during their time.
Domingo Lam-co, the family’s paternal ascendant was a full-blooded Chinese who came to the Philippines from Amoy, China in the closing years of the 17th century and married a Chinese half-breed by the name of
Ines de la Rosa.
Researchers revealed that the Mercado-Rizal family had also traces of
Japanese, Spanish, Malay, and Even Negrito blood aside from Chinese.
Father of Jose Rizal who was the youngest of 13 offsprings of Juan and Cirila Mercado. Born in Biñan, Laguna on April 18, 1818; studied in San Jose College, Manila; and died in Manila.
FRANCISCO MERCADO (1818-1898)
Mother of Jose Rizal who was the second child of Lorenzo Alonso and Brijida de Quintos. She studied at the Colegio de Santa Rosa. She was a businessminded woman, courteous, religious, hard-working, and well-read. She was
born in Santa Cruz, Manila on November 14, 1827 and died in 1913 in Manila.
TEODORA ALONSO (1827-1913)
Eldest child of the Rizal-Alonzo marriage. Married Manuel Timoteo Hidalgo of Tanauan, Batangas.
SATURNINA RIZAL (1850-1913)
Only brother of Jose Rizal and the second child. Studied at San Jose College in Manila; became a farmer and later a general of the Philippine Revolution.
PACIANO RIZAL (1851-1930)
The third child. married Antonio Lopez at Morong, Rizal; a teacher and musician.
NARCISA RIZAL (1852-1939)
The fourth child. Married Silvestre Ubaldo; died in 1887 from childbirth.
OLYMPIA RIZAL (1855-1887)
The fifth child. Married Matriano Herbosa.
LUCIA RIZAL (1857-1919)
The sixth child. Married Daniel Faustino Cruz of Biñan, Laguna.
MARIA RIZAL (1859-1945)
The second son and the seventh child.
JOSE RIZAL (1861-1896)
The eight child. Died at the age of three.
CONCEPCION RIZAL (1862-1865)
The ninth child. An epileptic, died a spinster.
JOSEFA RIZAL (1865-1945)
The tenth child. Died a spinster and the last of the family to die.
TRINIDAD RIZAL (1868-1951)
The youngest child married Pantaleon Quintero.
SOLEDAD RIZAL (1870-1929)
He was executed by the Spaniards on
December 30,1896
Jose Rizal was born in _______
June 19, 1861
Full name of Jose Rizal
José Protasio Rizal Mercado Y Alonso Realonda
Where did Jose Rizal born?
Calamba, Laguna
When did he was baptized JOSE RIZAL MERCADO at the Catholic of Calamba by the parish priest Rev. Rufino Collantes with Rev. Pedro Casañas as the sponsor?
22 June 1861
In what year did the parochial church of Calamba and the canonical books, including the book
in which Rizal’s baptismal records were entered, were burned.
28 September 1862
Barely three years old, Rizal learned the alphabet from his mother.
1864
When he was four years old, his sister Conception, the eight child in the Rizal
family, died at the age of three. It was on this occasion that Rizal
remembered having shed real tears for the first time.
1865
In what age Rizal learned the alphabet from his mother
barely 3 years old
During this time his mother taught him how to read and write. His father hired a classmate by the name of Leon Monroy who, for five months until his (Monroy) death, taught Rizal the rudiments of Latin.
1865 – 1867
During this time his mother taught him how to read and write. His father hired a classmate by the name of
Leon Monroy
What did Leon Monroy taught rizal?
the rudiments of Latin
What did Uncle Gregorio advised to Rizal
“Work hard and perform every task very carefully; learn to be swift as well as thorough; be independent in thinking and make visual pictures of everything.
In what year….With his father, Rizal made a pilgrimage to Antipolo to fulfill the vow made by his mother to take the child to the Shrine of the Virgin of Antipolo should she and her child survive the ordeal of delivery which nearly caused his
mother’s life.
6 June 1868
At the age of ________, Rizal wrote his first poem
8
what is the first poem wrote by Rizal
“Sa Aking Mga Kabata.” m was written in tagalog and had for its theme “Love of One’s
Language.”
In _________, he wrote his first poem
IN 1869
he originally obtained a ___________ in Ateneo
land surveyor and assessor’s degree
Rizal also took up a____________at the University of SantoTomas (UST)
preparatory course on law
But when he learned that his mother was going blind, he
decided to switch to medicine school in ________ and later specialized in ophthalmology.
UST
In what year he decided to travel to Madrid in Spain, and earned his Licentiate in Medicine.
May 1882
he decided to travel to Madrid in Spain, and earned his Licentiate in Medicine at the _____________
at the Universidad Central de Madrid
Apart from being known as an expert in the field of medicine, a poet, and an essayist, Rizal exhibited other amazing talents. He knew how to __________
paint, sketch,
and make sculptures.
Because he lived in Europe for about 10 years, he also
became a _____________
polyglot – conversant in 22 languages.
Aside from poetry and
creative writing, Rizal had varying degrees of expertise in
architecture,
sociology, anthropology, fencing, martial arts, and economics to name a few.
Upon his return to the Philippines, Rizal formed a progressive organization
called the________________.
La Liga Filipina
Now Rizal was considered even more of a threat by the
Spanish authorities (alongside his novels and essays), which ultimately led to
his exile _____________
Dapitan in northern Mindanao
This however did not stop him from continuing his plans for reform. While in
Dapitan, Rizal built a ________, ___________, and _________________. He also taught farming and worked on agricultural projects such as using abaca to make ropes.
a school, hospital, and water system.
In what year did Rizal was granted leave by then Governor-General Blanco, after volunteering to travel to Cuba to serve as doctor to yellow fever victims.
1896
the Katipunan had a full-blown revolution and Rizal was accused
of being associated with the secret militant society. On his way to Cuba, he was arrested in___________
Barcelona
He was sent back to Manila to stand for trial before the court martial. Rizal was charged with _________, __________ and ________
– and therefore, sentenced to death by firing squad.
sedition, conspiracy, and rebellion
Days before his execution, Rizal bid farewell to his motherland and
countrymen through one of his final letters, entitled ____________
Mi último adiós or My
Last Farewell.
Dr. José Rizal was executed on the morning of _________
December 30,1896
In what place did Rizal was executed?
Bagumbayan (now referred to as Luneta)
Upon hearing the command to shoot him, he faced the squad and uttered in his final breath: ___________
“Consummatum est” (It is finished
According to historical
accounts, only_____ bullet ended the life of the Filipino martyr and hero.
one
with the
assistance of the United States, the Philippines declared its independence
from Spain on __________.
June 12, 1898
the Philippines declared its independence
from Spain. This was the time that the Philippine flag was waved at General Emilio Aguinaldo’s residence in __________
Kawit, Cavite
Every year, the Filipinos celebrate Rizal Day – _____________ – to commemorate
his life and works.
December 30 each year
Rizal left for Europe again to conduct
historical research, write the second novel – El Filibusterismo – and
undoubtedly, to stay away from his enemies.
1887
while in Brussels
(Belgium), Rizal learned that his family, relatives and some tenants who were
in conflict with the hacienda management in Calamba were dispossessed of
their lands after the court in Madrid issued its conclusion in favor of the
Dominican Order.
1890
The agrarian problem in Calamba that
worsened in 1887 until it caused the dispossession of the tenants of their land in 1890 had encouraged Rizal to establish a Filipino settlement in the
______________, which was at the time under the British protectorate.
island of Borneo
Rizal wanted to move landless Filipinos including his families and
friends to ___________ to occupy assigned lands for them offered
by the British North Borneo Company, engaged in lucrative agriculture, and
rebuild their lives.
North Borneo (Sabah)
. Rizal successfully obtained an agreement with the British
authorities of Borneo that allowed the potential Filipino colonists to occupy
around __________, a beautiful harbor, and would provide them a good
government for 999 years, free of all charges.
100,000 acres
It’s a project which was enthusiastically endorsed or supported by many friends of Rizal including
prominent figures in our history like the Luna brothers (Juan and Antonio),
Graciano Lopez-Jaena, and his Austrian friend, Ferdinand Blumentritt.
Borneo Colonization Project
He rejected the project because he argued that the Filipino immigration to Borneo was contrary to the interest of Spanish colonial rule.
Governor-General Eulogio Despujol
One of the stories that Teodora Alonzo told Jose Rizal was that of the
_______________________
moth and the flame.
