Unit 2 Flashcards
beliefs
ideas about what is true and false
biosocial research method
investigate relationships between sociological variables and biological ones
cultural relativism
the practice of noting the difference between different cultures** without** passing judgment
culturally competent
able to understand and navigate our cultures with ease
culturally conditioned
taught to respond physiologically to a socially constructed reality
culture
describes differences in groups’ shared ideas, as well as objects, practices, and bodies that reflect those ideas
cultural objects
natural items that are given a** symbolic meaning**
cultural cognition
shared ideas and values
cultural practices
habits, routines, and rituals that individuals frequently perform
cultural bodies
culturally influenced shapes and sizes, capacities, and physiological processes
culture shock
being disoriented and confused in other cultures and not being able to communicate effectively
culture as rationale thesis
the idea that we’re socialized to know a set of culturally specific arguments with which we can justify why we feel something
culture as value thesis
were socialized into** culturally specific moralities** that guide our feelings about right and wrong
cultured capacities
culturally specific skills that our cultures influence us to learn
cultured physiques
bodies formed by what we do and with them
dual inheritance theory
the notion that humans are products of the interaction of genetic and cultural evolution
embodied
physically present and detectable in the body itself
ethnocentrism
assuming that one’s own culture is superior to the cultures of others
homophily
our tendency to connect with others who are similar to us
interpersonal socialization
active efforts by others to help us become culturally competent members of our cultures
mass media
mediated communication intended to reach many people
media socialization
all the cultural competence we gain from our exposure to media
norms
shared expectations for behavior
self-socialization
active efforts we make to ensure we are culturally competent members of our cultures
social construct
an influential and shared interpretation of reality that will vary across time and space
social construction
the process by which we layer objects with ideas, fold concepts into one another, and build connections between them
social learning
the transmission of knowledge and practices from on individual to another
social media
social networks mediated by the internet
social network analysis
a research method that involves the mapping of social ties and exchanges between them
social networks
webs of ties that link us to one another
social ties
the connections between us and other people
socialization
the lifelong learning process in which we become members of our cultures
subcultures
subgroups within societies that have distinct cultural ideas, objects, practices and bodies
symbolic structure
social constructs connected and opposed to one another in overlapping networks of meaning
values
notions as to what is right and what wrong
