Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

IBC > Unit 2 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is matter

A

Matter is all the stuff that exists in the universe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How to scientists define matter

A

In science, matter is defined as anything that has mass and occupies space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is mass

A

Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in a substance or an object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the basic SI unit of mass

A

The basic SI unit for mass is the kilogram (kg), but smaller masses may be measured in grams (g)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Mass vs Weight

A

Mass measures the amount of matter in an object
Weight measures the force of gravity acting on an object
MASS IS NOT WEIGHT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does volume measure

A

Volume is a measure of the amount of space that a substance or an object takes up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name the different units that might be used to measure volume

A

The basic SI unit for volume is the cubic meter (m3), but smaller volumes may be measured in cm3, and liquids may be measured in liters (L) or milliliters (mL).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Explain how to use the displacement method to find the volume of an irregularly shaped object

A
  1. Add water to a measuring container and record the volume.
  2. Place the object in the water. Record the new volume.
  3. Subtract the first volume from the second volume. The difference represents the volume of the object.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a physical property of matter

A

Physical properties of matter are properties that can be measured/observed without matter changing to an entirely different substance.

Physical properties are often things you can detect with your senses.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are some examples of physical properties

A

Examples of physical properties of matter include melting point, color, hardness, state of matter, odor, and boiling point.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a Chemical Property

A
  • Can be measured or observed with a chemical reaction
  • Substance is changed into a different substance
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is an extensive physical property

A

Properties that depend of the AMOUNT of matter present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Examples of extensive physical properties

A

Mass, Weight, Volume, Length

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is an Intensive physical property

A

Properties that depend on the TYPE of matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Examples of intensive physical properties

A

Color, Odor, Luster,
Malleability
Ductility
Conductivity
Hardness
Melting/Freezing Point
Boiling Point
Density

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a Physical change

A

A change in one or more physical properties without any change in the chemical properties
- Can be reversed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Examples of a physical change

A

Boiling water, Whipping eggs, Dicing vegetables

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Why are physical changes often easy to reverse

A

Because the chemical properties of matter remain the same

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Sates of matter

A

Different phases in which any given type of matter can exist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the four states of matter

A

Solid, Liquid, Gas and Plasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Which states of matter are most common on Earth

A

Liquid, Solid and Gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What type of property is a state of matter

A

Physical Property

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Liquid

A

Fixed volume, not a fixed shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Solid

A

Fixed volume and shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Gas

A

No fixed volume or shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Crystalline Solids

A

Have particles that are arranged in a regular repeating pattern
Ex. Tabe Salt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Amorphous Solid

A

Have particles that are arranged more-or-less at random
Ex. cotton candy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Pressure

A

The amount of force pushing against a given area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is the kinetic theory of matter

A

Particles of matter are in constant motion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What is the relationship between the kinetic energy of partials and the forces of attraction between partials

A

Particles of solids have the least kinetic energy and particles of gases have the most kinetic energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Define state of change

A
  • A change of state occurs whenever matter changes from one state to another
  • Changes of state are physical changes in matter
  • They are reversible changes that do not change matter’s chemical makeup or chemical properties
32
Q

Process that change matter to a liquid state

A

Melting, Freezing, Sublimation(solid to gas), Deposition(gas to solid), Condensation, Evaporation

33
Q

What is a mixture

A

A mixture is a physical blend of two or more components, each of which retains its own identity and properties in the mixture.

34
Q

Are mixtures chemically combined

A

NO

35
Q

Homogeneous Mixture

A

A mixture in which the composition is uniform (evenly mixed) throughout the mixture.

36
Q

Heterogeneous Mixture

A

A mixture in which the composition is not uniform (not evenly mixed) throughout the mixture

37
Q

What is a phase

A

A separate layer of a heterogeneous mixture

38
Q

Examples of Homogeneous mixtures

A

Air, Coffee, Apple Juice

39
Q

Examples of a Heterogeneous Mixture

A

Vegetable soup, Chocolate Chip Cookie dough, granite

40
Q

Why is it important to separate materials from a mixture

A

In a chemical reaction, it is important to isolate the component(s) of interest from all the other materials so they can be further characterized

41
Q

What are the ways (7) mixtures can be separated

A

Filtration, Decanting, Distillation, Magnetism, Evaporation, Centrifuge, Chromatography

42
Q

Filtration

A

Separation of a mixture’s components through differences in particle size

43
Q

Decanting

A

A fancy term for separating two components by pouring

44
Q

Distillation

A

Used to separate two liquids based on their differences in boiling points

45
Q

Magnetism

A

Used to separate magnetic substances

46
Q

Evaporation

A

Removing a liquid to leave a solid behind

47
Q

Centrifuge

A

Separates substances of different densities using a fast rotational motion

48
Q

Chromatography

A

Separates two substances by using a mobile phase and a stationary phase

49
Q

What is an element

A

A pure substance that cannot be broken down into any other substance.
- It is represented on the periodic table by a symbol
Ex. Au is Gold

50
Q

How many elements naturally occurring elements do we know of

A

92

51
Q

When did scientists begin discovering all of the elements

A

500 years ago

52
Q

What is an atom

A

The smallest particle of an element that still has the properties of that element

53
Q

How are atoms related to elements

A

All the atoms of an element are like one another and are different from the atoms of all other elements

54
Q

What are compounds

A

A unique and pure substance that forms a new substance when two or more elements combine chemically

55
Q

What is a molecule

A

A molecule is the smallest particle of a compound that still has the compound’s properties

56
Q

What is a chemical property

A

Chemical properties are properties that can be measured or observed only when matter undergoes a change to become an entirely different kind of matter.

57
Q

Examples of a chemical property

A

Reactivity and Flammability

58
Q

Reactivity

A

The ability of matter to react chemically with other substances

59
Q

Flammability

A

The ability of matter to burn

60
Q

What happens in any chemical change

A

Occurs whenever matter changes into an entirely different substance with different chemical properties

61
Q

List 5 signs that a chemical change has occurred

A

Release of bubbles
Change of color
Produce of an odor
Release in heat or light
Production of loud sounds

62
Q

Why can chemical changes often not be reversed

A

Chemical changes result in different substances, they often cannot be undone
- Some chemical changes can be reversed, but only by other chemical changes

63
Q

What is involved in all chemical reactions

A

All chemical reactions involve both reactants and products

64
Q

Reactants

A

Substances that start a chemical reaction

65
Q

Products

A

Substances that are produced in a reaction

66
Q

How are chemical reactions written

A

Formula : Reactants —–> Products

67
Q

How are bonds involved in chemical reactions

A

Bonds break and reform during chemical reactions

68
Q

How to reactants change into products during a chemical reaction

A

Reactants and Products contain the same atoms but they are rearranged during the reaction, so reactants and products are different substances

69
Q

How can you tell if a change in matter has caused a chemical reaction

A

Change in color
Change in temp
Formation of gas
Formation of a precipitate

70
Q

What is a chemical symbol

A

One or Two letter designation of an element

71
Q

What are compounds

A

Combinations of two or more elements

72
Q

What is a chemical formula

A

An expression that shows the elements in a compound and the relative proportion of those elements

73
Q

Where do the names of many elements come from

A

The Latin name for the element

74
Q

What is the law of conservation of mass

A

Matter cannot be created or destroyed

75
Q

Describe an example of the law of conservation of mass

A

You could find the mass of a quantity of liquid water. Then you could freeze the water and find the mass of ice. The mass before and after freezing would be the same, showing that mass is conserved when matter changes state.

IBC (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions