UNIT 2 Flashcards
What is culture?
Shared beliefs, value, practices, and behaviors shared by a group of people
● Group of people sharing common beliefs, values, and practices
● The “people” that share the said culture
● Share a community (usually geographic boundaries and/or common values and interest), and culture
Society
Give an example of a “society”
● Facebook groups
● Online communities
*eventually these communities will have their own culture if they are able to sustain themselves
Define Social Institutions
Structures and mechanisms of social order and cooperation governing the behavior of individuals within a given human collective.
What are the three (3) characteristics of Social Institutions?
- Permanence
- Social purpose
- Forces of socialization
● Enduring and stable; slow to change
● Ensures that the beliefs and values and other cultural aspects of social institution is transferred from one generation to another
● Mahirap baguhin because it is still possible to change
Permanence
● Provision of better chances of human survival and flourishing
● Individuals, groups, societies continue to survive
● Every human being/generation should reach their maximum potentials
Social purpose
● Dictate or define social roles
● Have social expectations especially if you belong to a community or to a specific social group (how to dress, how to be a member)
Forces of Socialization
Have roles that need to be filled
Social roles
Govern the behavior and expectations of individuals within a given community
Clue: SE
Social expectations
Rules that govern social institutions are ingrained in the values of a society
Social norms
Social institutions are _________.
Social constructs
Define “Social institutions are social constructs.”
Made-up rules that groups of people agree on even w/o being together, but they’re not permanent and can change over time.
Mention the three (3) types of Social Institutions
- Formal - university
- Informal - family
- Abstract - unwritten rule (like in marriage)
● Created with the intention of governing human behavior
● Focused on creating particular people with particular societal roles, expects u to fulfill societal role
Clue: F
Formal
● Not overtly designed to regulate behavior and conduct but
through socialization
● Example: family
Informal
● Social expectations with informal rules on how people are
expected to behave
● Unwritten rule
● Example: Marriage
Abstract
State three (3) of Merton’s Function of Social Institutions
- Manifest - intended
- Latent - unintended
- Social Dysfunction - pag broken edi babye na
● Intended functions of an institution, phenomenon, or
process in a social system; anticipated consequences
● Ex. Schools are expected to educate all human
beings and expected to teach young people of what
society expects of them
Manifest
● Unintended functions of an institution, phenomenon, or
process in a social system; consequences can be
beneficial, neutral, or harmful
○ Harmful: biases
● Ex. beliefs of religious institutions that harm other
groups of people—homophobia
Latent
● Undesirable consequences that results when social processes (or social systems) do not work or function properly for the operation of a society
● Ex. A dysfunctional social institution that fails to contribute to the maintenance of society may cease to exist
Social Dysfunctions
● Process of embedding a concept, social role, value, or
logic within an organization, social system, or society
Institutionalization
What are the two (2) ways Institutionalization is being done
- Legally - with documents, ex. DRRRM
- Mainstreaming - used to combat fake news
● A type of Institutionalization wherein there are legal documents, policies, laws that are put into place such that they are integrated into the social
system
● Ex. DRRRM - Ensures that every Filipino citizen has the culture of preparedness and mindset to be able to prepare for disasters and
emergencies should they strike
Legally
● A type of Institutionalization used to combat fake news and disinformation
● Tolerance/threshold for fake news expands
Mainstreaming
What are the seven (7) Universal Social Institution? (FEGEMRH)
- Family
- Education
- Government
- Economy
- Mass media
- Religion
- Healthcare
● Universal, basic institution in all societies and a significant
element of human social life
Family
● Organized structure where children of a society are taught basic academic knowledge, learning skills, and cultural
norms
Education
● Composed of a specific group of people that controls the state at a given time
Government
It is an organized political community acting under a government; consists of the citizens
State
● Large system of production, distribution, and consumption
inseparable from social and political systems
● Without economy, individuals will not be able to thrive
Economy
● All print, digital, and electronic means of communication and influence large numbers of people
● TV, radio, newspapers
● Powerful source of influence for people
Mass media
● Collection of cultural values, practices, belief systems, and
worldviews that
Religion
● Organized structure that seeks to prevent, diagnose, and treat illness, as well
Healthcare
_______ is the basic social unit of the Philippine society.
Family
What is the TRADITONAL definition of family?
- legal marriage, blood, adoption
- man - breadwinner / woman - housewife
What is the CONTEMPORARY definition of family?
- cohabitation/common law or
“live in” - single parent household, childless
unions; dual-career, reverse roles: man - househusband / woman - working
Is having a “common residence” required to be called a family?
NO
● Group of persons living under one (1) roof and sharing the same kitchen and housekeeping arrangements, can be non-relatives
● Ex. residents of a boarding house/dorm or apartment, 3 families living in the ancestral home
Household
● Family of orientation (by birth; includes parents), family of
procreation (by marriage; includes in laws)
● Compound/composite
○ Polygamous family; result of plural marriages
○ May be short-lived since kapag namatay yung husband, pwedeng mawalan na ng ties yung the
rest
NUCLEAR
● Linked by kinship between parents and children, and/or between siblings; combination of the family of orientation + family of procreation
● Also common in urban areas because of higher cost of living; pushing families to get together and share resources
● Everyone is related by blood or marriage because may
common descent
EXTENDED
Type of Family and Kinship Structure common in urban area because of higher cost of living
Extended
