Unit 2

Question 1

the legal structure of a government, which establishes its power and authority as well as the limits on that power, page 45

Answer 1

constitutions

Question 2

the division of governmental power among several institutions that must cooperate in decision making, page 45

Answer 2

separation of powers

Question 3

the constitutional idea that overlapping power is given to different branches of government to limit the concentration of power in any one branch, pa

Answer 3

checks and balances

Question 4

according to James Madison, the concentration of power in any one branch of government, page 45

Answer 4

tyranny

Question 5

a system of government in which power is divided, by a constitution, between a central government and regional governments, page 46

Answer 5

federalism

Question 6

Article VI of the U.S. Constitution, which states that the Constitution and laws passed by the national government and all treaties are the supreme law of the land and superior to all laws adopted by any state or any subdivision, page 46

Answer 6

supremacy clause

Question 7

Article I, Section 8, of the U.S. Constitution; it provides Congress with the authority to make all laws “necessary and proper” to carry out its powers, page 46

Answer 7

necessary and proper clause

Question 8

comprising one body or house, as in a one-house legislature, page 49

Answer 8

unicameral

Question 9

having a legislative assembly composed of two chambers or houses, page 52

Answer 9

bicameral

Question 10

the Confederate States of America, those southern states that seceded from the United States in late 1860 and 1861 and argued that the power of the states was more important than the power of the central government, page 56

Answer 10

Confederacy

Question 11

a reconstruction plan for reintegrating former confederate states back into the Union and freeing the slaves that placed mild demands upon the existing white power structure, page 57

Answer 11

Presidential Reconstruction

Question 12

a bloc of Republicans in the U.S. Congress who pushed through the adoption of African American suffrage as well as an extended period of military occupation of the South following the Civil War, page 58

Answer 12

Radical Republicans

Question 13

a militant farmers’ movement of the late nineteenth century that fought for improved conditions for farmers, page 60

Answer 13

Grange

Question 14

a principle of constitutional government; a government whose powers are defined and limited by a constitution, page 63

Answer 14

limited government

Question 15

a representative democracy, a system of government in which power is derived from the people, page 65

Answer 15

republican government

Question 16

an executive branch in which power is fragmented because the election of statewide officeholders is independent of the election of the governor, page 68

Answer 16

plural executive

Question 17

under the Texas Constitution, the formal charge by the House of Representatives that leads to trial in the Senate and possible removal of a state official, page 69

Answer 17

impeachment