Unit 2

Question 1

Manager

Answer 1

Responsible for setting objectives, organizing resources, and motivating staff so that the organization’s aims are met. Their roles are interpersonal, informational, and decisional.

Question 2

Figurehead

Answer 2

Symbolic leader of the organization undertaking duties of a social or legal nature

Question 3

Leader

Answer 3

Motivating subordinates; selecting and training other managers/staff

Question 4

Leader

Answer 4

Motivating subordinates; selecting and training other managers/staff

Question 5

Liaison

Answer 5

Linking with other managers and leaders of other divisions of the business and other organizations

Question 6

Leadership

Answer 6

The art of motivating a group of people towards achieving a common objective

Question 7

Autocratic leaders

Answer 7

Take decisions on their own with no discussion

Question 8

Democratic leaders

Answer 8

Will engage in discussion with workers before taking decisions

Question 9

Paternalistic leaders

Answer 9

Will listen, explain issues and consult with the workforce, but will not allow them to take decisions

Question 10

Laissez-faire leaders

Answer 10

Allow workers to carry out tasks and take decisions themselves with very broad limits

Question 11

Informal leader

Answer 11

A person who has no formal authority but has the respect of colleagues and some power over them

Question 12

Emotional intelligence

Answer 12

The ability of managers to understand their own emotions, and those of the people they work with, to achieve better business performance

Question 13

Motivation

Answer 13

The internal and external factors that stimulate people to take actions that lead to achieving a goal

Question 14

Self actualization

Answer 14

A sense of self-fulfillment reached by feeling enriched and developed by what one has learned and achieved

Question 15

Job enrichment

Answer 15

Aims to use the full capabilities of workers by giving them the opportunity to do more challenging and fulfilling work

Question 16

Hygiene factors

Answer 16

Aspects of a worker’s job that have the potential to cause dissatisfaction-Herzberg

Question 17

Motivating factors

Answer 17

Aspects of a worker’s job that can lead to positive job satisfaction

Question 18

Hourly wage rate

Answer 18

Payment to a worker made for each hour worked

Question 19

Piece rate

Answer 19

A payment to a worker for each unit produced

Question 20

Salary

Answer 20

Annual income that is usually paid on a monthly basis

Question 21

Commission

Answer 21

A payment to a sales person for each sale made

Question 22

Performance related pay

Answer 22

A bonus scheme to reward staff for above-average work performance

Question 23

Profit sharing

Answer 23

A bonus for staff based on the profits of the business - usually paid as a proportion of basic salary

Question 24

Bonus

Answer 24

A bonus for staff based on the profits of the business - usually paid as a proportion of basic salary

Question 25

Fringe benefits

Answer 25

benefits given, separate from pay, by an employer to some or all employees. Sick days, health insurance.

Question 26

Job rotation

Answer 26

Increasing the flexibility of the workforce and the variety of work they do by switching from one job to another

Question 27

Job enlargement

Answer 27

Attempting to increase the scope of a job by broadening or deepening the tasks undertaken

Question 28

Job redesign

Answer 28

Involves the restructuring of a job - usually with employees' involvement and agreement - to make work more interesting, satisfying, and challenging

Question 29

Quality circles

Answer 29

Voluntary groups of workers who meet regularly to discuss work-related problems and issues

Question 30

Worker participation

Answer 30

Workers are actively encouraged to become involved in decision making within the organization

Question 31

Team working

Answer 31

Production is organized so that groups of workers undertake complete units of work

Question 32

Human resource management (HRM)

Answer 32

The strategic approach to the effective management of an organization's workers so that they help the business gain a competitive advantage

Question 33

Recruitment

Answer 33

The process of identifying the need for a new employee, defining the job to be filled and the type of person needed to fill it, attracting suitable candidates for the job and selecting the best one

Question 34

Selection

Answer 34

involves the series of steps by which the candidates are interviewed, tested and screened for choosing the most suitable person for vacant post.

Question 35

Job description

Answer 35

A detailed list of the key points about the job to be filled - stating all of its key tasks and responsibilities

Question 36

Person specification

Answer 36

A detailed list of the qualities, skills and qualifications that a successful applicant will need to have

Question 37

Employment contract

Answer 37

A legal document that sets out the terms and conditions governing a worker's job

Question 38

Labour Turnover

Answer 38

measures the rate at which employees are leaving an organisation. It is measured by: number of employees leaving in 1 year × 100 average number of people employed

Question 39

Training

Answer 39

Work-related education to increase workforce skills and efficiency

Question 40

Induction training

Answer 40

Introductory training program to familiarize new recruits with the systems used in the business and the layout of the business site

Question 41

On-the-job training

Answer 41

Instruction at the place of work on how a job should be carried out

Question 42

Off-the-job training

Answer 42

All training undertaken away from the business

Question 43

Employee appraisal

Answer 43

the process of assessing the effectiveness of an employee judged against pre-set objectives.

Question 44

Dismissal

Answer 44

Being dismissed or sacked from a job due to incompetence or breach of discipline

Question 45

Unfair dismissal

Answer 45

Ending a worker's employment contract for a reason that the law regards as being unfair

Question 46

Redundancy

Answer 46

When a job is no longer required, so the employee doing this job becomes redundant through no fault of his/her own

Question 47

Diversity policy

Answer 47

practices and processes aimed at creating a mixed workforce and placing positive value on diversity in the workplace.

Question 48

Equality policy

Answer 48

practices and processes aimed at achieving a fair organisation where everyone is treated in the same way and has the opportunity to fulfil their potential.