Unit 2 Flashcards
What percentage of pregnancies are planned in the US?
50%
How much folic acid should all women of reproductive age take?
400µg folic acid daily
Gravidity
Number of pregnancies, regardless of outcome
Parity
number of pregnancies carried to 20 weeks (this number may vary by region)
Term
of pregnancies* that ended at 37 weeks or beyond
Preterm
of pregnancies* ending between 20 and 36 weeks 6 days
Abortion
of pregnancies* ending prior to 20 weeks (may be further split into “spontaneous” and “induced”). Stillbirths are not included
Living Children
of children alive at time of recording
EDD
estimated due date
Naegele’s rule
Take first day of Last Menstrual Period, subtract 3 months from the date and add 7 days.
When should ultrasound measurements be taken to accurately measure due dates
20 weeks
Physicians
May be Obstetrician (generalist or high-risk perinatologist) or Family Practice.
Able to perform cesarean deliveries, operative vaginal births, and complex repairs.
Midwives
May be Nurse Midwife or Lay midwife
Cannot perform cesarean deliveries or complex repairs
Midwife births tend to have fewer interventions
Doulas
Birth support, not responsible for the birth itself but for anticipating and responding to a family’s nonmedical needs
Provide emotional, physical, and informational support
Tests to obtain for pregnant women
- CBC
- Blood Type
- VDRL (screening for syphilis)
- TB screening
- Hepatitis B screen
- HIV screen
- Urinalysis
- Pap Test
- Maternal serum alpha protein, hCG level, Inhibin A, and nuchal lucency
Glucose Challenge Test done..
24-26 weeks, 1 hour GCT done, if elevated, 3 hour done
Each visit includes:
- VS
- Weight
- Urine
- Fundal height
Wt. gain in first trimester
1.1-4.4 lb
Wt. gain in second trimester
majority of the weight is gained in this trimester
Third Trimester wt. gain
weight gain should slow down. Large swings in weekly weight gain can indicate fluid retention
Nutritional education for pregnant women
- Start taking a prenatal vitamin if not already doing so; include DHA Omega-3 fatty acid)
- Increase carbohydrate in 45g daily above nonpregnant needs
- Increase protein in 25-30g daily above nonpregnant needs
Caloric intake in pregnant women
First Trimester: no change needed
Second Trimester: increase in 340kcal above nonpregnant needs
Third trimester: increase in 452 kcal above nonpregnant needs