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Geography - Unit 1C - Physical Landscapes in the UK > Unit 1C - River Landscapes in the UK - Rive discharge and flooding > Flashcards

Unit 1C - River Landscapes in the UK - Rive discharge and flooding Flashcards

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1
Q

What is interception?

A

Water droplets collect on trees and plants

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2
Q

What is precipitation?

A

Rain, hail, sleet or snow

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3
Q

What is infiltration?

A

When surface water soaks into soil

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4
Q

Difference between permeable and impermeable?

A

Permeable - let’s water through

Impermeable - doesn’t let water through

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5
Q

What is surface runoff?

A

Water flowing on top of the ground

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6
Q

What is groundwater flow?

A

Water stored in porous rocks deep below the ground

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7
Q

What is throughflow?

A

Water flowing downhill through the soil

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8
Q

What is landscape?

A

An extensive area of land regarded as being visually and physically distinct

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9
Q

What is erosion?

A

Wearing away and removal of land by rivers, glaciers and wind, removing debris and providing input into river or coastal system

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10
Q

What is relief?

A

Height and shape of land

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11
Q

What are main causes of flooding?

A

Rainfall and snowmelt

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12
Q

What natural factors increase risk of flooding?

A

Relief, type of rock and prolonged and intensity of rainfall

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13
Q

What human factors increase risk of flooding?

A

Urbanisation, deforestation and agriculture

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14
Q

What is surface storage?

A

When water lies on ground as puddles or lakes

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15
Q

What is percolation?

A

Water moving downwards through soil into rocks below

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16
Q

What is transpiration?

A

Water vapour released by tress and plants

17
Q

What is water table?

A

Upper level of saturated rock/soil

18
Q

What is discharge of a river?

A

Amount of water in river at any given point and time, measured in cumecs (m³/s)

19
Q

What does a hydrograph show?

A

How discharge at a certain point in a river changes over time in relation to rainfall

20
Q

On a hydrograph, what is peak discharge?

A

Highest discharge in certain period of time

21
Q

On a hydrograph, what is rising and falling limb?

A

Rising - increase in river discharge as rainwater flows into river
Falling - decrease in river discharge as river returns to its normal level

22
Q

On a hydrograph, what is lag time?

A

Delay between peak rainfall and peak discharge

23
Q

Difference between flashy and subdued hydrograph?

A

Flashy - rapid response to rainfall, ‘peaky’ graph and short lag time
Subdued - slower response to rainfall, ‘flatter’ graph and longer lag time

Geography - Unit 1C - Physical Landscapes in the UK (13 decks)

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