Unit 1b: Nervous System

Question 1

Dendrites

Answer 1

the trunk represents the neuron cell body, and the branches are the dendrites.

Question 2

Soma

Answer 2

The soma, or cell body, is the part of a neuron that contains the nucleus and organelles.

Question 3

Axon

Answer 3

long, slender projection of a neuron that transmits electrical impulses away from the cell body (soma) to other neurons

Question 4

Glial Cells

Answer 4

glial cells are crucial for the overall health and functioning of the nervous system, supporting neurons in various ways

Question 5

Myelin

Answer 5

fatty substance that forms a protective sheath around the axons of many neurons

Question 6

Nerves

Answer 6

if you touch a hot plate, you reflexively pull back your hand and your nerves simultaneously send pain signals to your brain

Question 7

Axon terminal

Answer 7

in a neuromuscular junction, the axon terminal releases neurotransmitters to relay nerve impulses from the neuron to the target cell

Question 8

Synaptic Vesicles

Answer 8

the tiny sacs within a neuron’s axon terminal that store neurotransmitters like dopamine

Question 9

Synapse

Answer 9

he intention to move our arm

Question 10

Receptor Sites

Answer 10

insulin or serotonin

Question 11

Axon Buttons

Answer 11

small knobs at the end of an axon that send signals to other neurons

Question 12

Diffusion

Answer 12

when one does not focus on self or create an individual identity

Question 13

Resting Potential

Answer 13

the stable electrical charge across a neuron’s membrane when it is not actively sending signals

Question 14

Action Potential

Question 15

Refractory Period

Question 16

Ions – Potassium, Sodium