Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Advanced Higher Subjects > Unit 1b -Inorganic and Physical Chemistry > Flashcards

Unit 1b -Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

what does the value of the equilibrium constant indicate

A

the position of the equilibrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what happens to equilibrium in an exothermic reaction when the temperature is increased

A

the equilibrium moves to favour the production of the reactants. The yield of products decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what happens to equilibrium in an endothermic reaction when the temperature is decreased

A

the equilibrium moves to favour the production of products. The yield of products increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what condition has an impact on the vale of K constant

A

Temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what does amphoteric mean and give an example

A

amphoteric describes a substance which can react as an acid and a base.

an example of this would be water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is an acid

A

a substance which donates a proton and form a conjugate base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is a base

A

a substance which accepts a proton and forms a conjugate acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what does the salt of a strong acid and base form in water

A

a neutral solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what does the salt of a weak acid and strong base form in water

A

a alkaline solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what does the salt of a strong acid and weak base form in water

A

an acidic solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is a buffer

A

a buffer is a solution of which the pH remains constant when small amounts of acid or base are added

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is an acidic buffer

A

consist of a weak acid and one of its salts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is a basic buffer

A

consists of a weak base and one of its salts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what happens when acid and base are added to acidic buffer

A

ACID
will react with ions of the salt to be converted back into the salt
BASE
will react with the H+ ions to neutralise and equilibrium will then move to replace the lost H+ ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what happens when acid and base are added to a basic buffer

A

ACID
will combine with OH- ions to neutralise and equilibrium will move to replace lost OH- ions
BASE
will react with the ions of the salt to be converted back into salt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is an indicator

A

weak acid which changes colour depending on the pH of the solution,

17
Q

what is the standard state of a substance

A

1 atmosphere

298 K

18
Q

what is standard enthalpy of formation

A

the enthalpy change when one mole of a substance is formed from elements in their standard states.

19
Q

what is entropy

A

measure of the degree of disorder of the system

20
Q

what has the lowest and greatest value of entropy

A

lowest - solids

greatest - gases

21
Q

what happens to entropy as temperature increased

A

entropy increases

22
Q

what is the entropy value of a perfect crystal

A

0K

23
Q

when is a reaction said to be feasible

A

when the ^G between reactants and products is negative

24
Q

Under non-standard conditions when is a reaction feasible

A

if ^G is negative

25
Q

what is the value of ^G at equilibrium

A

0

26
Q

what does the rate of reaction depend on

A

the concentration of reactants

27
Q

what is zero order reaction

A

when the rate does not change as the concentration is changed

28
Q

what is a 1st order reaction

A

when doubling the concentration doubles the rate

29
Q

what is a 2nd order reaction

A

when doubling the concentration quadruples the rate

30
Q

what is the rate of reaction dependant on

A

dependant on the slowest step which is called the rate determining step

31
Q

how can the rate of reaction be determined

A

the rate can only be determined experimentally

32
Q

What happens to the water equilibrium:

NH4Cl - Cl + NH4+

A

the ammonium ions combine with the OH- ions forming molecules of the weak alkali, ammonium hydroxide. To replace the lost OH- ions the equilibrium moves to the right. This gives an excess of H+ ions resulting in an acidic solution.

33
Q

what happens to the water equilibrium:

CH3COONa - CH3COO- + Na+

A

ethanoate ions combine with the h+ ions to form molecules of the weak acid, ethanoic acid. To replace lost H+ ions the water equilibrium moves to the right. This produces an excess of OH- ions resulting in an alkaline solution

Advanced Higher Subjects (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions