Unit 1A

Question 1

An injury to an UMN would cause ____ paralysis, while an injury to a LMN would cause ____ paralysis

Answer 1

Spastic, flaccid

Question 2

Spastic paralysis is hyp__, while flaccid paralysis is hyp__

Answer 2

hypER, hypO

Question 3

General term for difficulty producing speech

Answer 3

Dysarthria

Question 4

A general term often applied to CNS problems associated with speech and language

Answer 4

Aphasia

Question 5

A RECEPTIVE type of aphasia-often say many words that don’t make sense (and don’t realize it)

Answer 5

Wernicke’s Aphasia

Question 6

An EXPRESSIVE type of aphasia-can have great difficulty forming complete sentences, may get out basic words that get their message across, and can also have trouble understanding sentences.

Answer 6

Broca’s Aphasia

Question 7

Language capability resides in the ____ hemisphere of the brain

Answer 7

Left

Question 8

Common reason for injury to the left side of the brain (language and speech area)

Answer 8

Stroke

Question 9

When an injury to the left hemisphere affects both the expressive and receptive areas it can be termed ___ aphasia

Answer 9

Global

Question 10

Broca’s area (motor or expressive speech center) is located in the left inferior ____ gyrus

Answer 10

Frontal

Question 11

Wernicke’s area (sensory or receptive speech area) is located in the posterior part of the superior ____ gyrus

Answer 11

Temporal

Question 12

____ dysarthria results from damage to the pyramidal tract

Answer 12

Spastic

Question 13

The pyramidal tract cells originate in the cortex of the ____ gyrus of the frontal lobe

Answer 13

Precentral

Question 14

____ dysarthria results from damage to cranial or spinal nerves (LMNs)

Answer 14

Flaccid

Question 15

Flaccid paralysis is accompanied by weak muscle tone, also called ____

Answer 15

Hypotonia

Question 16

Spastic paralysis is accompanied by increased muscle tone and reduced capacity of the muscle to stretch, also called _____

Answer 16

Hypertonia

Question 17

____ paralysis is also accompanied by decreased or absent superficial and deep reflexes

Answer 17

Flaccid

Question 18

The most frequent pyramidal system disorder results from a vascular accident in the internal capsule and is called ____ stroke

Answer 18

Capsular

Question 19

Capsular stroke would cause paralysis of the ___lateral upper and lower limbs and lower facial muscles

Answer 19

Contra

Question 20

A characteristic of the increased passive resistance seen in spasticity is the ____ response-sudden collapse of all resistance while a muscle is being rapidly stretched.

Answer 20

Clasp-knife

Question 21

In spastic paralysis (UMN syndrome) reflexes such as the biceps and patellar are _____

Answer 21

Exaggerated (increased)

Question 22

The most well known sign associated with UMN syndrome is the ____ sign

Answer 22

Babinski (fanning of toes)

Question 23

Atrophy would only occur with ____ (UMN/LMN) lesions (*mild may occur with the other d/t disuse)

Answer 23

LMN

Question 24

Dying muscle cells

Answer 24

Fasciculations

Question 25

Fasciculations would only occur with ____ (UMN/LMN) lesions

Answer 25

LMN

Question 26

Reflex loss DOES NOT usually occur with ____ nerve damage (peripheral/spinal)

Answer 26

Peripheral

Question 27

Muscular weakness is more profound (usually) in ___ nerve damage (peripheral/spinal)

Answer 27

Peripheral

Question 28

The loss of full control of bodily movements

Answer 28

Ataxia

Question 29

Which cranial nerves originate in the MIDBRAIN?

Answer 29

III and IV

Question 30

Cranial nerves V, VI, VII, and VIII originate in what part of the brainstem?

Answer 30

Pons

Question 31

Which cranial nerves originate in the MEDULLA?

Answer 31

IX, X, XII