Unit 18 Water & Effluent Packaging Flashcards
What affects will boreholes have on the characteristics of water
Minerals & Sakt - will contain some of the soluble material present in the rock strata where water is held.
Microbiological content - likely to be lo, as water has been filtered through the rock strata.
Taints - likely to be low unless the water has been contaminated by the surface water.
Consistency of supply - very good over long periods of time.
What effects of will surface water have on the characteristics of water?
Mineral & Salt - likely to be low.
Microbiological content - likely to be high because of contamination from farm land.
Taints - Likely to be low unless water is contaminated by accidental spillage.
Consistency of supply - Can be variable
What kind of characteristics will public supply water have?
Mineral & salt - Depends on what the source is.
Microbiological - likely to be low because of the treatment of the water authority.
Taints - Likely to be low because of the treatments of the water authority.
Consistency of supply - very good because of the water authority’s legal obligation.
How would a plant achieve water that is clear and colourless?
filtration, usually sand filtration or by flocculation
How would a plant achieve water that has freedom from taint?
Filtration, usually by carbon filtration.
How would a plant achieve mineral salt and metallic content to achieve what meets process requirements in water?
Salt removal by boiling, or by deionisation
How would a plant achieve freedom from organisms in the water?
Sterilisation by UV light, by sterile filtration, by pasteurisation or by the addition of a sanitiser.
How would a plant ensure that there is water available at all times?
A backup supply may be used.
How does de-ionisation work?
the columns contain special resins that are capable of exchanging the unwated ions for harmless ones.
If water is heavily infected, what is the correct treatment?
filtration followed by heat treatment.
If water is just being used for dilution of high strength spirits, how would you prepare it?
UV light or by sterile filtration.
What is de-aerated water?
Water that is used for:
Additions make up (eg ready to drinks)
Product dilution to sales strength
Jetting of empty bottles.
The water must be free of microbial contamination and of dissolved oxygen.
What is process water?
Water that is used for:
Cleaning packaging plant and surfaces of plant
Washing product packages before filling (if air is not used)
Heating, eg tunnel pasteurisers.
What is service water?
Water used in boilers to raise steam
What are the main requirements of boiler water?
that it does not form scale deposits on the heating surfaces
Does not corrode the plant
