Unit 17 - Inheritance

Question 1

Inheritance

Answer 1

The transmission of genetic information from generation to generation.

Question 2

Chromosome

Answer 2

Thread-like structure of DNA, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.

Question 3

Gene

Answer 3

A length of DNA that codes for a protein.

Question 4

Allele

Answer 4

A version of a gene.

Question 5

Haploid Nucleus

Answer 5

A nucleus containing a single set of unpaired chromosomes (e.g. in gametes)

Question 6

Diploid Nucleus

Answer 6

A nucleus containing two sets of chromosomes. (e.g. In body cells)

Question 7

Mitosis

Answer 7

Nuclear division giving rise to genetically identical cells.

Question 8

Meiosis

Answer 8

Reduction division in which the chromosome number is halved from diploid to haploid resulting in genetically different cells.

Question 9

Genotype

Answer 9

The genetic make-up of an organism in terms of the alleles present.

Question 10

Phenotype

Answer 10

The observable features of an organism.

Question 11

Homozygous

Answer 11

Having two identical alleles of a particular gene.

Question 12

Heterozygous

Answer 12

Having two different alleles of a particular gene.

Question 13

Dominant Allele

Answer 13

An allele that is expressed if it is present.

Question 14

Recessive Allele

Answer 14

An allele that is only expressed when there is no dominant allele of the gene present.

Question 15

Sex linked trait

Answer 15

As a characteristic in which the gene responsible is located on a sex chromosome and that this makes it more common in one sex than in the other.