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Theology > Unit１ > Flashcards

Unit１ Flashcards

1
Q

What is humanism?

A

The reflection on man and his life
Lat. „humanitas“ -> love of the human condition

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2
Q

What are the big questions of humanism?

A

What is man?
What are essential qualities of man?
What is the meaning of life?

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3
Q

Why is it hard to define man?

A

He is the object and subject of the definition

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4
Q

Anthropology

A

gr. anthropos ->”man”
gr. logos ->”knowledge”
social science that studies human being in integral way

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5
Q

Which term did christian philosophy use to describe the concept of a person?

A

gr.: hypostasis = subsistence/property
-> Boethius: person is individual substance of rational nature

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6
Q

How does our personhood separate us from other beings?

A

We’re beings with higher category
-> we have value
-> we are ends
-> we are inviolable

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7
Q

What does “person” refer to?

A

The most perfect in nature
-> own superior characteristics
-> unique & irreplaceable

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8
Q

Human nature

A

complex special nature
-> body among bodies but also being capable of immaterial actions

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9
Q

Material monisitc interpretations of man

A

deny existence of spirit
-> man only material

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10
Q

Dualistic interpretations of man

A

Two antithetical structures
-> matter-spirit

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11
Q

Interpretation of man as substantial unity of two co-principles

A

one material and spirit

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12
Q

Which interpretation seems most reasonable?

A

Substantial unity:
- man corporeal and spiritual
- soul and body only separable in death
- man IS body and soul at same time
-> man as carnal spirit or spiritual flesh

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13
Q

Do we have a body?

A

No, we are corporeal beings
-> no human body without soul

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14
Q

What are the essential human characteristics?

A
  1. Intelligence
  2. Freedom
  3. Empathy (ability to relate)
  4. Transcendence
  5. Limitation (to space, time, exhaustion)
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15
Q

What are characteristics of the person?

A

Unrepeatable: each person is unique
Dignity: each person has absolute ontological dignity
Free will: Person is origin and owner of actions
Interpersonality: be someone for another
-> no person without people

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16
Q

What makes up personality?

A

Temper: hereditary
Character: acquired (with decisions, education, etc.), great plasticity
Biography: 3rd dimension of personality

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17
Q

Which features does the soul possess?

A

Intelligence: abstract, way of knowing
Freedom: way of acting based on knowledge

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18
Q

How can beings be classified?

A

inanimate beings: matter
vegetable beings: matter and life
animal beings: matter life and senses
human beings: matter, life, senses and consciousness

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19
Q

The centuries

A

X-XV: middle ages: poetry
XVI: renaissance
XVII: Baroque: pessimism
XVIII: Century of the light: Rationalism
XIX: 1. Romanticism: passion, sentiments and affectivity
2. Realism: Novels
XX: Journalism and cinema

20
Q

Trivium

A

disciplines related to eloquence:
Grammar (helps to speak)
Logic (dialectic: helps to find truth)
Rhetoric (to express)

21
Q

Quadrivium

A

disciplines related to mathematics:
Arithmetic (numbers)
Geometry (weighs)
Music (sings)
Astronomy (cultivates stars)

22
Q

What are trivium and quadrivium?

A

liberal arts
studies necessary to take care of:
Body (medicine)
Soul (theology)
city (law)

23
Q

Luthers reform

A

1517

24
Q

Copernicus and heliocentrism

A

1543
Beginning of new era: renaissance
-> transitional stage between medieval and modern habits and thoughts

25
Q

Luthers reform and Postmodernity

A

Promote role of bible: sola scriptura
-> authority of bible discarded in name of reason
reason discarded in name of feelings

26
Q

Modernity

A

Hypertrophy of reason
distinguishes between four types of states:
absulotist
liberal
democratic
ethical

27
Q

Postmodernity

A

Hypertrophy of feelings

28
Q

Key figures for transition from theocentrism to anthropocentrism

A

Descartes: Cogito ergo sum
Kant: Sapere aude
John Locke

29
Q

Certainty

A

subjective impression

30
Q

Truth

A

objective reality

31
Q

Theocentric culture

A

Until fifteenth century
God is beginning and end of everything

32
Q

Anthropocentrism

A

Renaissance
Man as center of history and everything
aka humanism

33
Q

What is desacralization?

A

Standpoint where god must be removed from society since he either doesn’t exist of theres no proof of his existence

34
Q

The enlightenment

A

primarily European cultural, intellectual and philosophical movement
original way of thinking and valuation

35
Q

What is the modern man?

A

an enlightened man
- > clear and precise identity

36
Q

What replaced the monolithic and unitary auctoritas of the church?

A

subjective authority based on own reflection, grounded in science
-> subjective relativism

37
Q

Hedonism

A

Life based on joy and pleasure
Basis:
- consumerism (consumption, but important to be not to have!)
- permissiveness (anything goes)
- relativism (no absoulte truths)
- individualism (inability to share life)

38
Q

S.I.M.O.N.

A

Single
Immature
Materialistic
Obsessed
Narcissistic

39
Q

Etymological meaning of theology

A

treatise, science of god

40
Q

what is theology

A

methodical and structured expostition of the revelation accepted by faith
-> better understand mysteries and their consequences

41
Q

What is faith?

A

a truth worthy to be believed

42
Q

the sources of theology

A

sacred scripture
tradition
magisterium
so united that one cant exist without the other

43
Q

sacred scripture

A

word of god as written
soul of theology
basis of theological affirmations
-> must be linked with tradition

44
Q

Tradition

A

(reflects intellectual, prayerful and lithurgical life)
prior to scripture
unwritten word of god
closely linked with scripture

45
Q

Magisterium

A

authentically interpreting word of god
there to preserve deposit of faith

46
Q

Sins

A

Pride
Greed
Lust
Ira
Gluttony
Envy
Lazyness

Theology (3 decks)

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