Unit 13 Treatment of Abnormal Behavior Flashcards
What did reformers Philippe Pinel and Dorothea Dix push for?
More humane treatments and for the construction of mental hospitals.
What where some ways of treating psychological disorders before reform?
Mix of harsh and gentle methods:
- cutting holes into heads, bled or “beat the devil” out of them.
- warm baths, massages and placed them in sunny serene environments.
What are the categories for the type of therapies?
Psychotherapy and biomedical therapy
Define psychotherapy
A trained therapist uses psych. techniques to assist someone seeking to overcome difficulties or achieve personal growth.
Considered “talk therapies”
Define biomedical therapy
Offers medication or other biological treatment
Define eclectic approach
An approach to PSYCHOTTHERAPY that, depending on client’s problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy.
Who is known in the psychoanalytic perspective?
Sigmund Freud, created foundation for treating psych. disorders
Define eclectic approach
Using a blend of psychotherapies
An approach to PSYCHOTTHERAPY that, depending on client’s problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy.
What are psychologies major theories?
Psychodynamic, humanistic, behavioral, and cognitive
Define psychoanalysis
Approach by Freud to get patients to acknowledge repressed of disowned feelings, giving them insight into the origins of their disorder. Therefore aiming to reduce growth impeding inner conflicts.
Freud’s therapeutic techniques. He believed that patient’s free association, resistances, dreams, and transferences– and therapist’s interpretations of them– released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight
What are the goals and techniques of psychoanalysis, and how have they been adapted in psychodynamic therapy?
- Goal is to uncover repressed feelings and use the knowledge to address the problem
- Main technique is free association, where you say anything that comes to mind, therapists analyses this and gives feedback.
Define psychoanalysis
Approach by Freud to get patients to acknowledge repressed of disowned feelings, giving them insight into the origins of their disorder. Therefore aiming to reduce growth impeding inner conflicts.
Freud’s therapeutic techniques. He believed that patient’s free association, resistances, dreams, and transferences– and therapist’s interpretations of them– released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight
Define reisstance
In psychoanalysis, blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden (burdened) material
Define interpretation
In psychoanalysis, the analyst’s (therapists) noting (acknowledging) supposed dream meanings, resistances and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight.
Define transferring
In psychoanalysis, projecting
Define transferring
In psychoanalysis, it is projecting emotions from other relationships to your analyst.
Define psychodynamic therapy
Therapy that stems from the psychoanalytic tradition that views individuals responding to unconscious forces and childhood experiences, and that seeks to enhance self-insight.
Define interpersonal psychotherapy
brief(12-16) sessions, effectively treats depression
Goal is to provide relief in the here and now
Therapists focus on current relationships and how to improve patients relationship skills.
How does humanistic therapy differ from psychoanalytic therapy?
- Increase self-fulfillment by helping them grow in self-awareness and acceptance.
- Promotes growth is the focus of therapy (using client instead of patient terminology)
- Growth is achieved through accountability for one’s feelings and actions
- Conscious thoughts are more important than the unconscious.
- The now and future are more important than past
What are the specific goals and techniques of Rogers’ client-centered approach?
Focuses on person’s conscious self-perception
Therapists refrain from directing client towards insight, engagement is through Acceptance, Genuineness, and Empathy (AGE) so that the client can achieve self-acceptance and understanding on their own.
What is the humanistic perspective?
Emphasizes ppls potential for self-fulfillment (Carl Rogers)
Define active listening
Echoing, restating, and seeking clarification of what a person expresses (verbally or nonverbally) and acknowledges the feelings
(Used in Rogers client-centered therapy )
Define active listening
Echoing, restating, and seeking clarification of what a person expresses (verbally or nonverbally) and acknowledges the feelings
(Used in Rogers client-centered therapy )
What does Roger believe is the most important contribution of a therapist?
To accept and understand the client and provide an unconditional positive regard.
Define unconditional positive regard.
A caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude, which Carl Rogers believes will help people accept their worst traits and feel valued and whole. (self-awareness and acceptance.)
What are the three Rogerian hints?
- Paraphrase
- Summarize in your own words - Invite clarification
- Ask for examples, etc, encourage the person to say more - Reflect feelings
- “It sounds frustrating” just mirror what you’re sensing from their body language and intensity.
Psychodynamic therapy is…
Influenced by traditional psychoanalysis but briefer, cheaper, and more focused on helping find relief from current symptoms.
How does the basic assumption of behavior therapy differ from those of psychodynamic and humanistic theories?
Behavior therapies are NOT insight therapies. Their goal is to apply learning principles to modify problem behaviors.
Define behavior therapy
Applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors
- Behavior techniques view maladaptive symptoms as learned behaviors which can be replaced by constructive behaviors.
Define counterconditioning
Behavior therapy procedures that use classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors; include exposure therapies and aversive conditioning.
Define exposure therapies
Expose ppl to what they normally avoid/escape, little by little increasing exposure until thy overcome their fear of the fear response itself.
Define systematic desensitization
Type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant, relaxed state w/ GRADUALLY increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli.
-Commonly used to treat phobias.
What do proponents (advocates) of behavior therapy doubt?
They doubt the healing power of self-awareness.
Example of classical conditioning used to “solve” a maladaptive behavior
Learning theorist Mowrer developed a liquid sensitive pad, when wet it would trigger an alarm and wake up a child. Children learned that relating the bladder relaxation with waking up prevents bed-wetting.
