Unit 1.2.a

Question 1

What is the proteome and why is it larger than the number of genes, particularly in eukaryotes

Answer 1

The proteome is the entire set of proteins expressed by a genome

And more than one protein can be produced from a single gene as a result of alternative RNA splicing

Question 2

What is the name given to genes that do not code for proteins? Give examples

Answer 2

Non-coding RNA genes and include those that are transcribed to produce tRNA, rRNA, and RNA molecules that control the expression of other genes.

Question 3

The set of proteins expressed by a given cell type can vary over time and under different conditions. Give examples of these factors

Answer 3

the metabolic activity of the cell, cellular stress, the response to signalling molecules, and diseased versus healthy cells.