Unit 1.2.3 Neuroplasticity

Question 1

Neuroplasticity

Answer 1

The ability of neural networks in the brain to change as a result of an experience or enviro stimuli.

Question 2

Synaptogenesis

Answer 2

The process of forming new synapses between neurons as axon terminals + dendrites grow

Question 3

Synaptic pruning

Answer 3

The elimination of unused/underused synapses.

Question 4

Long-term potentiation

Answer 4

• Relatively permanent
• Strengthening of synaptic connections as a result of repeated activation.

Question 5

Long-term depression

Answer 5

• Relatively permanent
• Weakening of synaptic connections as a result of repeated low-level activation.

Question 6

Rerouting

Answer 6

• When healthy nearby neurons create alternative neural pathways when existing connections are lost through injury

Question 7

Sprouting

Answer 7

• When existing neurons form new axon terminals + dendrites to allow new connections to be made

Question 8

Myelination

Answer 8

The formation + development of myelin around the axon of a neuron.

Question 9

Brain trauma

Answer 9

• Damage to the brain that is caused by an external force
• E.g. hitting head, stroke, disease
• Can cause significant neural impacts

Question 10

Adaptive plasticity

Answer 10

• Brain’s ability to restore adequate neural functioning over time after sustaining injury
• Affected by the processes of sprouting + rerouting