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ABPI Unit One > Unit 1.2.1 Organisations within the system > Flashcards

Unit 1.2.1 Organisations within the system Flashcards

1
Q

Who has overall responsibility for the work of the Department of Health and Social Care?

A

The secretary of State for Health and Social Care

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2
Q

What is the DHSC’s purpose - what do they do?

A

The DHSC’s purpose is to help people live better for longer. They lead, shape and fund health and care in England, making sure people have the support, care and treatment they needs with the compassion, respect and dignity they deserve.

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3
Q

What does the DHSC give to the NHS? (PQ)

A

Strategic direction!

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4
Q

NHS England is an independent body, at arms length to the government, what is its main role?

A

To set the priorities and direction of the NHS and to improve health and care outcomes for people in England.

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5
Q

Who is NHS England a commissioner for?

A

NHS England is the commissioner for primary care services such as GPs, pharmacists and dentists, including military health services, offender healthcare and some specialised services.

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6
Q

What are the seven regional teams within NHS England?

A

NHS North East & Yorkshire, NHS North West, NHS Midlands, NHS East of England, NHS London, NHS South East, NHS South West.

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7
Q

What do the seven regional teams within NHS England support to provide for patients

A

Seven regional teams support local systems to provide more joined up and sustainable care for patients.

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8
Q

What are the regional teams in NHS England responsible for?

A

The quality, financial and operational performance of all NHS organisations in their region, drawing on the expertise and support of out corporate teams to improve services for patients and support local transformation.
(PQ) The provide professional leadership on finance, nursing, medical specialised commissioning, patients, information, HR, organisational development, assurance and delivery.

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9
Q

Within NHS England, What is responsible for covering healthcare commissioning and delivery in their area?

A

The seven regional teams within NHS England.

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10
Q

What was created following the Health and Social Care Act in 2012?

A

Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs)

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11
Q

What did CCGs replace on 1st April 2013?

A

Primary Care Trusts.

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12
Q

What are CCGs?

A

Clinically led statutory NHS bodies responsible for the planning and commissioning of health care services for their local area.

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13
Q

As of 1st April 2019, how many CCGs were there in England?

A

191.

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14
Q

CCGs are membership bodies, who are the members?

A

GP practices.

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15
Q

Who of CCGs led by?

A

An elected governing body made up of GPs, other clinicians including a nurse and a secondary care consultant and lay members.

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16
Q

How much of NHS Englands budget are CCGs responsible for?

A

Approximately 2/3 or £79.9 billion in 19/20

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17
Q

CCGs are independent, who are they accountable to?

A

The Secretary of State for Health and Social Care through NHS England.

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18
Q

CCGs are responsible for commissioning healthcare, which includes which healthcare services?

A 
Hospital emergency care.
Urgent and Emergency care.
Mental Health
Community care/health services.
Elective (planned) hospital services. 
Maternity
Rehabilitation Services. 
Learning disability services.
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19
Q

What population size are CCGs responsible for?

A

Ranges from under 100,000 to over a million. Although their average population is about a quarter of a million people.

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20
Q

(PQ) What is around 5% if a CCGs budget spent on?

A

Prescribing.

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21
Q

Commissioning is about getting the best possible health outcomes for the local population, therefore, what does this involve?

A

This involves assessing local needs, deciding priorities and strategies and then buying services on behalf of the population from providers such as hospitals, clinics , community health bodies and more.

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22
Q

CCGs must constantly respond and adapt to changing local circumstances as they are responsible for the health of their entire population, what are they measured by?

A

How much they improve outcomes.

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23
Q

What is primary care?

A

Often the first point of contact for people in need of healthcare and may be provided by professionals such as GPs dentists and pharmacists.

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24
Q

What is secondary care?

A

Sometimes referred to as hospital and community care, can be either planned (elective) care such as a cataract operation of urgent and emergency care such as treatment for a fracture.

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25
Q

What is tertiary care?

A

This refers to highly specialised treatment such as neurosurgery, transplants and secure forensic mental health services.

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26
Q

What are Acute providers?

A

NHS Trusts and Foundation Trusts providing largely hospital based services
(PQ) Provide secondary care and emergency services.

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27
Q

What are Community Providers?

A

Providing services such as district nursing , health visiting school nursing, community specialist services, hospital at home, NHS walk-in centres and home based rehabilitation.

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28
Q

What are mental health providers?

A

Community, inpatient and social care services for a wide range of psychiatric and psychological illnesses.

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29
Q

What are ambulance Services?

A

Manage emergency care for life threatening and non life threatening illnesses including the NHS 999 service.

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30
Q

What are Integrated providers?

A

For example organisations that provide both acute and community care.

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31
Q

What are Specialist Providers/tertiary care?

A

Providing services such as specialist eye care or cancer treatment.

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32
Q

What is the government involvement in NHS Foundation trusts and NHS trusts?

A

NHS foundation trusts are not directed by Government, free to make strategic decisions Whereas NHS trusts are directed by the government.

33
Q

What is the Financial Quality regulation of NHS foundation trusts and NHS trusts?

A

Both regulated by NHS Improvement and CQC.

34
Q

What is the financial accountability of NHS foundation trusts and NHS trusts?

A

NHS foundation trusts are free to make their own financial decision according to an agreed framework set out in law and by regulators, they can retain and reinvest any surplus, whereas NHS trusts are financially accountable to NHS England.

35
Q

What are Commissioning Support Units?

A

These are providers:
They provide support to the CCG (PQ)
CSUs provide a wide range of commissioning support services that enable clinical commissioners to focus their clinical expertise and leadership in securing the best outcomes for patients and driving up quality of NHS patient services.
This includes transformational change such as overseeing the reconfiguration of coal services as well and transactional support including IT, HR and business intelligence to a range of customers including CCGs, acute trusts, NHS England and local government.

36
Q

What are non NHS providers?

A

A range of other non-nHS providers provide health services including social enterprises, local authorities, charities and community interest companies and private sector companies.

37
Q

What is Public Health England?

A

An executive agency of the Department of Health and Social Care, and a distinct organisation with operational autonomy.
It provides government, local government, the NHS, Parliament industry and the public with evidence–based professional, scientific expertise and support.
National leadership and excerpt service to support public health. (PQ)
PHE world closely with public health professionals in Wales, Scotland and NI and internationally.

38
Q

How many and who does PHE employ?

A

5,500 staff (full time equivalent) mostly scientists, researchers and public health professionals.

39
Q

Within PHE, how many local centres and regions are there?

A

8 local centres and 4 regions (North of England, South of England, Midlands and east of England and London)

40
Q

What are health and well being boards a formal committee of and charged with?

A

Health and wellbeing boards are a formal committee of the local authority charged with promoting greater integration and partnership between bodies from the NHS, public health and local government.

41
Q

What do HWBs have a statutory duty to produce?

A

They have a statutory duty with CCGs to produce a joint strategic needs assessment and a joint health and wellbeing strategy for their local population.

42
Q

What do HWBs have in terms of powers?

A

They have very limited formal powers - they are constituted as a partnership forum rather than an executive decision making body.

43
Q

In most cases who are HWBs chaired by? and who must the board include?

A

In most cases, HWBs are chaired by a senior local authority elected member. The board must include a representative of each relevant CCG and local Health-watch as well as local authority representatives.

44
Q

(PQ) Who do HWBs work to improve the health and wellbeing of? and to help in doing this, who do they receive advice and support from?

A

HWBs work to improve the health and wellbeing of their local populations, to help in doing this they receive advice and support from Healthwatch England.

45
Q

Monitoring and regulation:

What is NHS Improvement responsible for?

A

NHS Improvement is responsible for overseeing foundation trusts and NHS trusts, as well as independent providers that provide NHS funded care.

46
Q

What does NHS Improvement offer to the providers? How does this help the NHS?

A

NHS Improvement offer the support these providers need to give patients consistently safe, high quality, compassionate care within local health systems that are financially sustainable. By holding providers to account and where necessary intervening, we help the NHS meet its short term challenges and secure its future.

47
Q

What is Care Quality Commission (CQC)?

A

CQC is the independent regulator of health and social care in England.

48
Q

What is CQC responsible for?

A

Making sure health and social care services provider people with safe, effective compassionate high quality care and we encourage care services to improve.

49
Q

What is the role of CQC? (4 points)

A
  • Register care providers
  • Monitor, inspect and rate services
  • Take action to protect people who use services
  • Speak with our independent voice, publishing our views on major quality issues in health and social care.
50
Q

What was Healthwatch England established as?

A

Healthwatch England was established as an effective independent consumer champion for health and social care.

51
Q

What does Healthwatch England provide?

A

It provides a leadership and support role for the local Healthwatch network.

52
Q

What do NHS England and Healthwatch England share?

A

They share a common goal of making sure that the interests of consumers are at the heart of everything we do.

53
Q

What does NICE stand for?

A

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence

54
Q

What is NICE’s role?

A

To improve outcomes for people using the NHS and other public health and social care services.
(PQ) National Guidance and advice to improve health and social care.

55
Q

How does NICE improve outcomes for people using the NHS and other public health and social care?

A
  • Producing evidence based guidance and advice for health, public health and social care practitioners.
  • Developing quality standards and performance metrics for those providing and commissioning health, PH and SC.
  • Providing a range of information services for commissioners, practitioners and managers across the spectrum of health and social care.
  • Assess the clinical and cost effectiveness and health technology
  • Provide NHS access to the British National Formulary (BNF)
56
Q

(NICE) What wide range of topics do NICE guidelines make evidence based recommendations on?

A

From preventing and managing specific conditions, improving health and managing medicines in different settings, to providing social care to adults and children, and planning broader services and interventions to improve the health of communities.

57
Q

(NICE) What does the Technology appraisals guidance assess?

A

Technology appraisals guidance assess the clinical and cost effectiveness of health technologies such as new pharma and bio pharmaceutical products but also include procedures, devices and diagnostic agents - this is to ensure that all NHS patients have equitable access to the most clinically and cost effective treatments that are viable.

58
Q

(NICE) What do the Medical technologies and diagnostics guidance help ensure?

A

That the NHS is able to adopt clinically and cost effective technologies rapidly and consistently.

59
Q

(NICE) What does the interventional procedures guidance recommend?

A

Whether interventional procedures such as laser treatments for eye problems or deep brain stimulation for chronic pan are effective and safe enough for use in the NHS.

60
Q

(NICE) what are the NICE Quality Standards?

A

Quality Standards are concise sets of statements with accompanying metrics, designed to drive and measure priority quality improvements within a particular area of care - These are derived from the best available evidence, particularly NICE’s own guidance and where this does not exist, from other evidence source accredited by NICE.

61
Q

(NICE) What is the Quality Outcomes Framework (QOF)?

A

NICE undertakes the development of an annual menu of potential indicators for inclusion in the clinical component of the QOF, the quality element of the contract the NHS has with GPs. hey also recommend whether existing indicators should continue or be retired.

62
Q

Regarding medicines, do Wales, Scotland or NI use NICE guidance?

A

NI implements NICE recommendations, Wales makes NICE approved drugs available but Scotland makes its own assessments.

63
Q

What does NHS Digital do?

A

NHS digital supplies information and data to the health service, provides vital technological infrastructure and helps different parts of health and care work together.

64
Q

What is NHS Digital the national information and technology partner for?

A

The health and care system.

65
Q

NHS Digital’s systems and information help doctors, nurses and other HCPs improve efficiency and make care safer - how do they do this (3 points)?

A
  • They provide information and data to the health service so that it can plan effectively and monitor progress.
  • They create and maintain the technological infrastructure that keeps the health service running and links systems together to provide seamless care.
  • They develop information standards that improve the way different parts of the system communicate.
66
Q

Why does Health Education England (HEE) exist?

A

For one reason only: to support the delivery of excellent healthcare and health improvement to the patients and public of England by ensuring that the workforce of today and tomorrow has the right number of staff, skills, values and behaviours, at the right time in the right place.

67
Q

What are the local organisations supported and directed by Health Education England to train NHS staff?

A

Local education and training boards are the local organisations supported and directed by Health Education England to train NHS Staff.

68
Q

What are strategic Clinical Networks?

A

Strategic Clinical Networks bring together those who use, provide and commission the service to make improvements in outcomes for complex patient pathways using an integrated whole system approach.

(PQ) Where stakeholder groups are brought together: service providers, patients and social care partners.

69
Q

Who do Strategic Clinical Networks work in partnership with?

A

Strategic Clinical Networks work in partnership with commissioners (including local government).

70
Q

What do Strategic Clinical networks support commissioners (inc local government) with?

A

Supporting their decision making and strategic planning, by working across the boundaries of commissioner, provider and voluntary organisations as a vehicle for improvements for patients, carers and the public.

71
Q

By working across the boundaries, strategic clinical networks will do what? (3 points)

A
  • Reduce unwarranted variation in health and wellbeing services.
  • Encourage innovation in how services are provided now and in the future.
  • Provide clinical advice and leadership to support their decision making and strategic planning.
72
Q

What key areas of major health and wellbeing challenge do Strategic Clinical Networks currently serve?

A

Cardiovascular (inc cardiac, stroke, renal and diabetes)

Maternity, Children and Young People.

Mental health, Dementia and Neurological Conditions

Cancer.

73
Q

What have Clinical Senates been established to be a source of?

A

A source of independent, strategic advice and guidance to commissioners and other stakeholders to assist them to make the best decisions about Healthcare for the populations they represent.

74
Q

(PQ) what do Clinical Senates provide?

A

Clinical Senates provide strategic advice and guidance to Health care commissioners. They play a key role in the commissioning process

75
Q

What is the Clinical Senate Assembly or Forum?

A

A diverse multi-professional forum providing the Council with ready access to experts from a broad range of health care professions. Members of the Assembly or Forum will encompass the birth to death spectrum of NHS care and will include patient representatives.

76
Q

Why have Academic Health Science Networks been established?

A

AHSNs have been established to deliver a step-change in the way the NHS identified, develops and adopts new technologies and are predicted on partnership working and collaboration between the NHS, academia, the private sector and other external partnerships within a single AHSN context and across AHSNs

77
Q

How many AHSNs are there?

A

15

78
Q

What do all AHSNs have an agenda to do?

A

All AHSNs have an agenda to drive adoption and spread of innovation across all areas of healthcare provision and population health, each AHSN also has the remit to bring together the resources and assets in their geography ti create a synergy between researchers in universities, industry and entrepreneurs and the local NHS to identify, exploit and commercialise innovations that will have national and international significance.

ABPI Unit One (10 decks)

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