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Histology > Unit 12 - Periodontium > Flashcards

Unit 12 - Periodontium Flashcards

1
Q

The supporting structure for the teeth, consists of periodontal ligament, cementum, gingiva, and alveolar bone

A

Periodontium

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2
Q

A matrix of connective tissue consisting of bundles of strong predominantly type I collagen fibres connecting periosteum to bone

A

Sharpey’s fibers

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3
Q

A minute canal in a bodily structure

A

Canaliculi

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4
Q

The direct conversion of mesenchymal tissue into bone is called

A

Intramembranous ossification

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5
Q

The most coronal portion, or the top, of the alveolar process

A

Alveolar crest

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6
Q

This is a cross section through the roots of two adjacent teeth

A

Interdental septum

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7
Q

The bone structure located between dental sockets that separates the tooth roots from furcation line to the apical limit of the roots

A

Interradicular septum

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8
Q

The periodontium includes

A

Cementum
Alveolar process
Periodontium ligament

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9
Q

The part of the periodontium that attaches the teeth to the alveolar bone by anchoring the PDL

A

Cementum

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10
Q

Where is the cementum thickest?

A

At the tooth apex

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11
Q

Where is the cementum thinnest?

A

at the CEJ

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12
Q

What is the main function of cementum?

A

Tooth support or anchorage

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13
Q

Chemical characteristics of cementum

A

65% inorganic
23% organic
12% water

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14
Q

Does cementum have innervation or is it neutral to sensitivity?

A

Neutral to sensitivity

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15
Q

Is cementum vascular or avascular?

A

Avascular

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16
Q

When can cementum form?

A

Throughout the life of the tooth

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17
Q

How does cementum show up radiographically?

A

Darker than enamel, lighter than pulp

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18
Q

Colour of cementum

A

Lighter yellow than dentin

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19
Q

How does cementum feel with explorer?

A

Tacky

20
Q

Why does controversy surround the root scaling?

A

Due to removal of root structure with removal of calculus or impregnanted tissue

21
Q

Cementum forms on the root dentin after

A

The disintegration of Hertwig epithelial root sheath (HERS)

22
Q

During matrix production of cementum, cementoblasts then disperse to

A

Cover the root dentin area and undergo cementogenesis, laying down cementoid.

23
Q

How is cementoid laid down?

A

In lamallar layers that consist of ground substance and intrinsic fibers

24
Q

What posseses canaliculi which are oriented towards the peridontal ligament?

A

Cementocytes

25
Q

Collagen fibers from the PDL that are partially inserted into the outer surface of the cementum at 90% or perpendicular.

A

Sharpey fibers

26
Q

Describe mineralization of cementum

A

Intial layer is mineralized from the hydroxyappetite crystals of dentin and then mineralization continues by the crystals growing and spilling over into the cementum matrix. The last layer of cementoid (uncalcified cementum) remains adjacent to the cementoblast.

27
Q

When HERS break down it distrupts the REE. This allows a bit to remain uncovered. At the cervical loop area cementum spills over onto the enamel. What is this called and occurs how often?

A

Overlap <15%

28
Q

When the REE stays in position while the HERS break down at the cervical area. This allows dentin to be deposited immediately adjacent to the enamel. What is this called and occurs how often?

A

Edge to edge 52%

29
Q

Likely, the most cervical portion of HERS does not break down adjacent to the REE at the cervical loop area. What is this called and occurs how often?

A

Gap 33%

30
Q

Which type of cementum is considered primary cementum?

A

Acellular

31
Q

Which type of cementum is formed slower than other types?

A

Acellular

32
Q

Which type of cementum is called secondary cementum?

A

Cellular

33
Q

Which type of cementum is the last layer deposited?

A

Cellular

34
Q

Which type of cementum contains no embedded cementocytes?

A

Acellular

35
Q

Which type of cementum is found at the apical 1/3 of the root?

A

Cellular

36
Q

Which type of cementum functions to adapt and repair throughout the life of the tooth?

A

Cellular

37
Q

Which type of cementum has many layers covered the cervical 1/3 near the CEJ?

A

Acellular

38
Q

Which type of cementum covered the entire outer surface of each root?

A

Acellular

39
Q

Which type of cementum has perio fibers that are higher in numbered embedded in it?

A

Acellular

40
Q

Mineralized spherical bodies of cementum found either attached to the cemental root surface or lying free in the PDL or embedded in cementum

A

Cementicles

41
Q

The excessive production of cellular cementum, which mainly occurs at the apex or apices of the tooth

A

Hypercementosis

42
Q

An overgrowth of cementum due to an increased function put on the tooth/teeth-
This allows a larger area for periodontal fiber attachment, therefore increases anchorage

A

Hypertrophy

43
Q

Occurs on non-functioning teeth or on teeth with no increased function. Also occurs where there has been a chronic apical infection. Results in a decrease in embedded sharpey’s fibers. Cementum appears circumscribed (restricted) at the apical area

A

Hyperplasia

44
Q

Type of cementum repair that

  • only a thin layer of cementum is laid in an area of resorbed cementum
    RESULT = leaves an area of cementum that is
    recessed
  • Does not re-establish the original contour
  • A bony projection may form to close the perio
  • ligament space, this results in reducing
A

Functional

45
Q

Type of cementum repair that:
Trauma may cause cementum resorption
*
* excessive occl. forces may leave a weak ligament
*
attachment & an area of resorbed cementum
RESULT: acellular or cellular cementum is deposited in the resorbed area = “re-establishing” the former outline of the root

A

Anatomic

46
Q

Chemical properties of the alveolar process

A

60% inorganic
25% organic
15% water

Histology (4 decks)

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