Unit 12 - Construct Chains Flashcards
Construct Chains
The Hebrew method of
combining two or more nouns
A compound construction always has one noun expressing the ______ _____ accompanied by a ______ noun describing the central idea.
A compound construction always has one noun expressing the central idea accompanied by a second noun describing the central idea.
The Hebrew method of
combining two or more nouns is called a
_______ ________
The Hebrew method of
combining two or more nouns is called a
Construct Chain
A compound construction is…
one noun expressing the central idea accompanied by a second noun describing the central idea.
Place, Material, Time, Purpose, and
Possession describe the 5 relationships between nouns in _________ ______.
Place, Material, Time, Purpose, and
Possession describe the 5 relationships between nouns in construct chains.
A construct chain consists of a ________ Noun and a __________ Noun
A construct chain consists of a Central Noun and a Describing Noun
What are the 5 relationships between nouns in construct chains?
- Place: tree house
- Material: straw hut
- Time: i.e. Summer home
- Purpose: Lighthouse
- Possession: Police Car
In a construct chain, the ________ noun comes before the __________ noun.
In a construct chain, the central noun comes before the describing noun.
A central noun followed by a describing noun is called a _________ _____
A central noun followed by a describing noun is called a Construct Chain
words in a _________ _____ are always treated like a single word
words in a construct chain are always treated like a single word
words in a construct chain are always treated like a _______ _____
words in a construct chain are always treated like a single word
Because the words in a construct chain are treated as a single word, the first noun(s) lose their accent which sometimes causes the vowels to change, i.e. a __________ _____
Because the words in a construct chain are treated as a single word, the first noun(s) lose their accent which sometimes causes the vowels to change, i.e. a construct form
Because the words in a construct chain are treated as a single word, the first noun(s) lose their accent which sometimes causes the ______ to change, i.e. a construct form
Because the words in a construct chain are treated as a single word, the first noun(s) lose their accent which sometimes causes the vowels to change, i.e. a construct form
Nouns have two forms:
_________ Form &
_________ Form
Nouns have two forms:
Absolute Form &
Construct Form
The Absolute Form is the form
a noun has when it appears by ______
or as the _____word of a construct chain.
The Absolute Form is the form
a noun has when it appears by itself
or as the last word of a construct chain.
The _______ _____ is the form
a noun has when it appears by itself
or as the last word of a construct chain.
The Absolute Form is the form
a noun has when it appears by itself
or as the last word of a construct chain.
______ basic rules define how vowels of a noun may change in a construct form
Three basic rules define how vowels of a noun may change in a construct form
A _____ [ā] vowel (qamats) in a final ______ syllable changes to
a ______ [a] vowel (patah.)
(e.g. absolute יָם vs. construct יַם).
A long [ā] vowel (qamats) in a final closed syllable changes to a short [a] vowel (patah.)
(e.g. absolute יָם vs. construct יַם).
[as a construct it loses its stress, accent remains with the absolute noun following]
The long vowels [ā] ( qamats ) and [ē] ( Tsere ), when unstressed, change into a _____ [ə]
(e.g. absolute נָבִיא vs. construct נְבִיא).
The long vowels [ā] (qamats) and [ē] (Tsere), when unstressed, change into a shewa [ə]
(e.g. absolute נָבִיא vs. construct נְבִיא).
for long vowels [ā] and [ē] under a ______
letter, a _______ vowel (h.ataf patah . and h.taf tsere ) is used instead of a shewa .
for long vowels [ā] and [ē] under a guttural letter, a reduced vowel (h.ataf patah. and h.taf tsere) is used instead of a shewa.
א ה ח ע and sometimes ר
The long vowel [ē] (Tsere) sometimes changes to a short [a] ( patah. ) in a ____ _____ syllable
(e.g. absolute זָקֵן vs. construct זְקַן ).
The long vowel [ē] (Tsere) sometimes changes to a short [a] ( patah. ) in a final closed syllable
(e.g. absolute זָקֵן vs. construct זְקַן ).
basic rule of regular _________ _______ nouns: the [__] ending changes to [__] in the construct form
basic rule of regular feminine singular nouns: the [āh] (qamats hey) ending changes to [at] in the construct form
(e.g. absolute מַלְכָּה vs. construct מַלְכַּת.)
The _______ _______ plural [__] ending changes to [_] in the construct form
(e.g. absolute
מַלְאָכִים vs. construct מַלְאֲכֵי ).
The regular masculine plural [îm] ending changes to [ê] in the construct form
(e.g. absolute
מַלְאָכִים vs. construct מַלְאֲכֵי ).
The ______ _________ plural [ôt] ending remains _________ in
the construct form
The regular feminine plural [ôt] ending remains unchanged in
the construct form
(e.g. חוֹמוֹת is both absolute and construct).
Rule 1 construct forms:
in a ____ _____ syllable
Rule 1 construct forms:
in a final closed syllable
qamats >> patah.
Rule 2 construct forms:
_________
_____ or ______ > _____
(or a ________ vowel)
Rule 2 construct forms:
unstressed
qamats or tsere > shewa
(or a reduced vowel)
מָקוֹם > מְקוֹם | חָצֵר > חֲצַר
Rule 3 construct forms:
_____ → _____
in a ____ _____ syllable in some words
(sometimes)
Rule 3 construct forms:
tsere → patah.
in a final closed syllable in some words
(sometimes)
At the end of a word:
_________ __________ ending
[āh / הָ] → [at / תַ]
At the end of a word:
feminine singular ending
[āh / הָ] → [at / תַ]
In a final closed syllable:
______ > _______
In a final closed syllable:
qamats > patah.
The first of the two nouns in the construct chain is called the ________ noun and is said to be in the _________ state.
The first of the two nouns in the construct chain is called the construct noun and is said to be in the construct state.
In a final closed syllable:
______ > patah.
In a final closed syllable:
qamats > patah.
The second of the two nouns is called the _______ ____ and is said to be in the _________ state. The absolute form of a noun is also its _________ form.
The second of the two nouns is called the absolute noun and is said to be in the absolute state. The absolute form of a noun is also its lexical form.
In a final closed syllable:
qamats > _______
In a final closed syllable:
qamats > patah.
in an open unaccented syllable
_____ & _____ > vocal shewa
in an open unaccented syllable
qamats & tsere > vocal shewa
in an open unaccented syllable
qamats & tsere > _____ _____
in an open unaccented syllable
qamats & tsere > vocal shewa
in an open unaccented syllable
_____ & _____ > _____ _____
in an open unaccented syllable
qamats & tsere > vocal shewa
_____ rules may apply to nouns in the construct state
Both rules may apply to nouns in the construct state
tsere > ____;
h.olem > ______ _____
in monosyllabic nouns with changeable long vowels
tsere > segol;
h.olem > qamats qatan
in monosyllabic nouns with changeable long vowels
long vowels > short vowels
in __________ nouns with changeable long vowels
long vowels > short vowels
in monosyllabic nouns with changeable long vowels
____ vowels > ____ vowels
in monosyllabic nouns with changeable long vowels
long vowels > short vowels
in monosyllabic nouns with changeable long vowels
masculine plural and dual endings change to
tsere yod
(then apply rules of vowel reduction)
