Unit 11 Flashcards
What are the psychoanalytic approaches?
Holding therapy (Tinbergen 1983) A failure to bond Parent holds child to cause the “autistic defense to crumble”
Humanistic play therapy (axline 1965)
Encouraged the expression of feelings through play and unconditional positive regard
Options (Kaufman 1976)
Parents spent every waking hour with child
Follow child’s lead
What is the 1960s psychoanalytic approach?
Lovaas- socialization study
Building social behavior in autistic children by use of electric shock
Method- use of identical twins
Tell them to come here and shock them until they move toward experimenter
Limitations
What is the 1970s psychoanalytic approach?
Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA)
Based on operant conditioning
Target behaviors (excess and deficits)
Reinforce approximations
What is the discrete trial format?
One to one
Short and clear instructions
Planned prompting and prompt fading
Reinforcement
What does DTT do?
Discrete trial teaching
Breaks down complex skills and teaching each sub skill through a series of highly adult structured masses teaching trials
Teaches skills through a structured ladder of small easily taught components
What are the major intervention approaches?
Behavioral
ABA (applies behavior analysis)
PRT (pivotal response training)
Developmental
DIR (Floortime)
Alternative treatments
Biomedical treatments
Sensory integration
Psychopharmacology
TEACCH
What is the comprehensive interventions or “comprehensive treatment models” (CTMs)
An intervention model that addresses multiple core deficits in ASD including language, social, cognitive and play
Set of practices to achieve a broad learning or developmental impact on the core deficits of ASD
Odom identifies 30 CTM characterized by Organization Operationalization Intensity Longevity Breadth of outcome focus
What are the comprehensive early intervention models?
Behaviorally based programs
Naturalistic behavioral approaches (PRT)
Developmental/ interactive approaches
Naturalistic developmental behavior interventions
What is the UCLA autism project?
Early interventions behavioral intervention (EIBI)
Intensive home based program for 3 years
Siginificant improvements on IQ and adaptive assessments
Less restrictive school placements
What is the limitations of the UCLA young autism project?
Child failure to generalize skills
Escape/ avoidance challenging
behavior
Lack of spontaneity
Over dependence on prompts
What is Floortime (Developmental intervention model)?
Emphasized following the developmental sequence for communication and relating to others
Child directed: matched to sensory needs
Parent gets down on floor
What is TEACCH (treatment and education of autistic and related communication handicapped children)?
Structured teaching- Physical organization Schedules Structured work systems Visual clear task organization
What is an example of naturalistic behavioral interventions?
Pivotal response training (PRT)
What is early start Denver model (ESDM)?
It is developmental and behavioral
What is evidence based practices (EBP)?
The integration of best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values
