unit 10- vocab

Question 1

define macroevolution

Answer 1

persistent morphological changes

Question 2

define microevolution

Answer 2

a way of looking at evolution as shifts in the genetic makeup of a population and allele frequency

Question 3

define gene pool

Answer 3

a collection of all the alleles in a population

Question 4

define speciation

Answer 4

when enough genetic differences accumulate between populations so interbreeding stops and a new formation of a species occurs

Question 5

define genetic drift

Answer 5

when random events change the gene frequency between generations (usually in small populations)

Question 6

define gene flow

Answer 6

movement of alleles from one population to another through immigration or emigration which changes the genetic makeup of a population and drives evolution

Question 7

define emigration

Answer 7

organisms exiting a population and breeding in a new population

Question 8

define immigration

Answer 8

organisms going into a new population to breed

Question 9

define natural selection

Answer 9

a process in which some living things survive better in their environment and are able to reproduce and pass on their genes

Question 10

define sexual selection

Answer 10

type of natural selection where their is preference by one sex of a certain characteristic of the other sex

Question 11

define artificial selection

Answer 11

process where humans select desirable traits and breed animals to get that desired trait

Question 12

define isolating mechanism

Answer 12

anything that prevents gene flow between two populations

Question 13

define bottleneck effect

Answer 13

type of genetic drift where a random event kills a portion of the population which reduces the genetic variation

Question 14

define founder effect

Answer 14

a type of genetic drift where a small group of the population becomes separated from a larger population which reduces gene variability