unit 10 practice test

Question 1

the liquid that forms when rainwater dissolves the substances in the trash

Answer 1

leachate

Question 2

In ___ economics, natural capital is a subset of the economy.

Answer 2

neoclassical

Question 3

Approximately ___% of waste that ends up in landfills in America could actually be composted.

Answer 3

20

Question 4

the ability of a substance to slowly damage or destroy another substance through chemical processes

Answer 4

corrosive

Question 5

nonliquid waste that comes from homes, small businesses, and institutions

Answer 5

municipal solid waste

Question 6

all the water that goes down a drain that has not come into contact with human waste

Answer 6

Gray water

Question 7

the tools and materials used to make goods

Answer 7

manufactured capital

Question 8

a government’s classification of different areas of land for different uses

Answer 8

Zoning

Question 9

​​​​​​​​​A(n) ___ worldview believes that people should learn and apply natural ecosystem principles to managing earth’s resources.

Answer 9

environmental-wisdom

Question 10

Policy that avoids potential environmental problems follows the ____ principle.

Answer 10

prevention

Question 11

Liquid hazardous waste can be temporarily disposed of to reduce volume through ___.

Answer 11

surface impoundments

Question 12

a vegetated strip of land that connects parks and neighborhoods

Answer 12

Greenway

Question 13

Radioactive waste containers need to last for ___.

Answer 13

millennia

Question 14

the production and transfer of wealth in societies

Answer 14

economics

Question 15

a way to tell consumers that a product or service is environmentally friendly

Answer 15

ecolabel

Question 16

​​​​​​​​​A gift of money to help develop wind-energy technology is an example of a(n) ____.

Answer 16

subsidy

Question 17

an increase in the ability to provide goods and services

Answer 17

economic growth

Question 18

In ___ economics, the economy is a subset of natural capital.

Answer 18

ecological

Question 19

people’s mental and physical capabilities

Answer 19

Human capital

Question 20

The ____ regulates how land that is polluted with hazardous substances is developed.

Answer 20

CERCLA

Question 21

tax paid by companies who pollute the environment or make products that can harm the environment

Answer 21

green tax

Question 22

the collection and processing of materials to be remade into new items

Answer 22

Recycling

Question 23

solid and liquid waste that is toxic, flammable, chemically reactive, or corrosive

Answer 23

hazardous waste

Question 24

the controlled burning of garbage at very high temperatures

Answer 24

incineration

Question 25

the conversion of organic material into mulch through decomposition

Answer 25

composting

Question 26

In ___ economics, resources are believed to be limited, but the economy revolves around people, not the environment.

Answer 26

environmental

Question 27

A(n) ___ worldview believes that even if natural resources run out, people will be able to use innovation to meet their needs.

Answer 27

planetary-management

Question 28

The ____ regulates how industries dispose of hazardous wastes.

Answer 28

RCRA

Question 29

waste that comes from mining, agriculture, the manufacturing of goods, and the processing of petroleum

Answer 29

industrial waste

Question 30

Liquid hazardous waste can be permanently disposed of through ___.

Answer 30

deep-well injection

Question 31

environmental laws and regulations that are designed and enforced by government agencies

Answer 31

environmental policy

Question 32

Policy that ensures that one group of people is not subjected to an unfair share of pollution follows the ____ principle.

Answer 32

environmental-justice

Question 33

the use of plants in a landscape that require little to no extra water for irrigation

Answer 33

xeriscaping

Question 34

a calculation of the amount of natural resources needed to support one’s lifestyle

Answer 34

Ecological footprint

Question 35

any unwanted material that is left over from a human activity

Answer 35

waste

Question 36

a place where trash is buried underground or collected in very carefully designed mounds

Answer 36

Sanitary landfill

Question 37

money given by the government to an industry in order to keep the price of goods low

Answer 37

subsidy

Question 38

the improvement of living standards and health for people through economic growth

Answer 38

economic development

Question 39

A(n) ___ worldview believes that while humans are most important, they have an obligation to leave the earth a better place for future generations.

Answer 39

stewardship

Question 40

the process of designing cities to be both functional and beautiful

Answer 40

city planning

Question 41

A(n) ___ worldview puts humans above the earth.

Answer 41

planetary-management and stewardship

Question 42

​​​​A company that reduces the amount of pollution it produces and then sells its leftover "permission to pollute" is participating in ____.

Answer 42

cap and trade