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environmental systems > unit 10 practice test > Flashcards

unit 10 practice test Flashcards

1
Q

the liquid that forms when rainwater dissolves the substances in the trash

A

leachate

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2
Q

In ___ economics, natural capital is a subset of the economy.

A

neoclassical

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3
Q

Approximately ___% of waste that ends up in landfills in America could actually be composted.

A

20

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4
Q

the ability of a substance to slowly damage or destroy another substance through chemical processes

A

corrosive

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5
Q

nonliquid waste that comes from homes, small businesses, and institutions

A

municipal solid waste

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6
Q

all the water that goes down a drain that has not come into contact with human waste

A

Gray water

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7
Q

the tools and materials used to make goods

A

manufactured capital

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8
Q

a government’s classification of different areas of land for different uses

A

Zoning

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9
Q

​​​​​​​​​A(n) ___ worldview believes that people should learn and apply natural ecosystem principles to managing earth’s resources.

A

environmental-wisdom

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10
Q

Policy that avoids potential environmental problems follows the ____ principle.

A

prevention

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11
Q

Liquid hazardous waste can be temporarily disposed of to reduce volume through ___.

A

surface impoundments

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12
Q

a vegetated strip of land that connects parks and neighborhoods

A

Greenway

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13
Q

Radioactive waste containers need to last for ___.

A

millennia

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14
Q

the production and transfer of wealth in societies

A

economics

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15
Q

a way to tell consumers that a product or service is environmentally friendly

A

ecolabel

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16
Q

​​​​​​​​​A gift of money to help develop wind-energy technology is an example of a(n) ____.

A

subsidy

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17
Q

an increase in the ability to provide goods and services

A

economic growth

18
Q

In ___ economics, the economy is a subset of natural capital.

A

ecological

19
Q

people’s mental and physical capabilities

A

Human capital

20
Q

The ____ regulates how land that is polluted with hazardous substances is developed.

A

CERCLA

21
Q

tax paid by companies who pollute the environment or make products that can harm the environment

A

green tax

22
Q

the collection and processing of materials to be remade into new items

A

Recycling

23
Q

solid and liquid waste that is toxic, flammable, chemically reactive, or corrosive

A

hazardous waste

24
Q

the controlled burning of garbage at very high temperatures

A

incineration

25
Q

the conversion of organic material into mulch through decomposition

A

composting

26
Q

In ___ economics, resources are believed to be limited, but the economy revolves around people, not the environment.

A

environmental

27
Q

A(n) ___ worldview believes that even if natural resources run out, people will be able to use innovation to meet their needs.

A

planetary-management

28
Q

The ____ regulates how industries dispose of hazardous wastes.

A

RCRA

29
Q

waste that comes from mining, agriculture, the manufacturing of goods, and the processing of petroleum

A

industrial waste

30
Q

Liquid hazardous waste can be permanently disposed of through ___.

A

deep-well injection

31
Q

environmental laws and regulations that are designed and enforced by government agencies

A

environmental policy

32
Q

Policy that ensures that one group of people is not subjected to an unfair share of pollution follows the ____ principle.

A

environmental-justice

33
Q

the use of plants in a landscape that require little to no extra water for irrigation

A

xeriscaping

34
Q

a calculation of the amount of natural resources needed to support one’s lifestyle

A

Ecological footprint

35
Q

any unwanted material that is left over from a human activity

A

waste

36
Q

a place where trash is buried underground or collected in very carefully designed mounds

A

Sanitary landfill

37
Q

money given by the government to an industry in order to keep the price of goods low

A

subsidy

38
Q

the improvement of living standards and health for people through economic growth

A

economic development

39
Q

A(n) ___ worldview believes that while humans are most important, they have an obligation to leave the earth a better place for future generations.

A

stewardship

40
Q

the process of designing cities to be both functional and beautiful

A

city planning

41
Q

A(n) ___ worldview puts humans above the earth.

A

planetary-management and stewardship

42
Q

​​​​A company that reduces the amount of pollution it produces and then sells its leftover “permission to pollute” is participating in ____.

A

cap and trade

environmental systems (5 decks)

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